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A class of non-equilibrium models for compressible multi-component fluids in multi-dimensions is investigated taking into account viscosity and heat conduction. These models are subject to the choice of interfacial pressures and interfacial velocity as well as relaxation terms for velocity, pressure, temperature and chemical potentials. Sufficient conditions are derived for these quantities that ensure meaningful physical properties such as a non-negative entropy production, thermodynamical stability, Galilean invariance and mathematical properties such as hyperbolicity, subcharacteristic property and existence of an entropy-entropy flux pair. For the relaxation of chemical potentials, a two-component and a three-component models for vaporwater and gas-water-vapor, respectively, are considered.

We consider the isothermal Euler equations with phase transition between a liquid and a vapor phase. The mass transfer is modeled by a kinetic relation. We prove existence and uniqueness results. Further, we construct the exact solution for Riemann problems. We derive analogous results for the cases of initially one phase with resulting condensation by compression or evaporation by expansion. Further we present numerical results for these cases. We compare the results to similar problems without phase transition.

Abstract. We determine completely the exact Riemann solutions for the system of Euler equations in a duct with discontinuous varying cross-section. The crucial point in solving the Riemann problem for hyperbolic system is the construction of the wave curves. To address the difficulty in the construction due to the nonstrict hyperbolicity of the underlying system, we introduce the L-M and R-M curves in the velocity-pressure phase plane. The behaviors of the L-M and R-M curves for six basic cases are fully analyzed. Furthermore, we observe that in certain cases the L-M and R-M curves contain the bifurcation which leads to the non-uniqueness of the Riemann solutions. Nevertheless, all possible Riemann solutions including classical as well as resonant solutions are solved in a uniform framework for any given initial data.

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