ABSTRACT. Ways of surviving in the High Arctic environment are among the most interesting problems addressed by archaeological research concerning hunting groups operating in these areas. The Svalbard archipelago affords a unique opportunity for comparative studies of arctic survival with respect to representatives from two different European cultural centers: the hunters from northern Russia and the western European whalers. The present paper concentrates on the Russian way of dealing with the polar winter. Both the documentary sources and the elements of material culture recovered during archaeological explorations reveal a relatively high level of adaptation to arctic conditions. Key words: polar winter, Svalbard, Pomorye, Russian hunting, Orthodox monasteries RfiSUMfi. Les modes de survie dans l'environnement de I'Extrhe-Arctique comptent parmi les problbmes les plus intkressants auxquels s'attaque la recherche archblogique sur les groupes de chasseurs de ces rkgions. L'archipel du Svalbard constitue un endroit unique pour des etudes comparatives de la survie dans l'Arctique, en ce qui concerne les representants de deux centres distincts de culture europknne: les chasseurs de la Russie nordique et les baleiniers de l'Europe occidentale. Cet article se concentre sur la façon dont les habitants abordaient l'hiver polaire en Russie. Les sources documentaires, ainsi que les klkments de la culture matkrielle rkupkrks lors d'explorations archkologiques, montrent que le niveau d'adaptation aux conditions arctiques ktait relativement klevk.
The impetus for this special issue of the International Journal of Historical Archaeology lie in the three seasons of excavation that took place at the forced labor camp of Lager Wick in Jersey between 2014 and 2016. The excavation was directed by Gilly Carr, funded by the British Academy in a joint project involving Gilly Carr and Marek E. Jasinski, and also involved the two guest co-editors, who were invited to dig in different years (Marek E. Jasinski in 2014, Claudia Theune in 2015, and paper contributor Ivar Schute in 2016). In addition the three guest editors of this special issue cooperated closely during excavations, surveys, and workshops at the Falstad Camp site in Norway led by Marek E. Jasinski in 2010, 2014, and 2015. This special issue was provoked by the many conversations on both sites regarding, initially, the rules, guidelines, and expectations produced by the many different regions and countries in Europe which dictate what is excavated and kept, and what is redeposited and carefully returned to the ground. This variation clearly had the ability to affect what was retained for study from camps in different countries, with a resulting knock-on effect upon what was published and / or included in exhibitions. As the excavation of Nazi camps is still a relatively newbut growingfield, excavators from all over Europe clearly have much to learn from and share with each other. It was for this reason that experienced colleagues from across Europe were invited to join the digs in Jersey and Norway. Insight from other camps, their layout,
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