. Results showed that all tested wood species were classified as very resistant to both decay fungi, except the wood of Aspidosperma desmanthum, which demonstrated to be very resistant to Pycnoporus sanguineous and resistant to Gloeophyllum trabeum. The wood of Peltogyne paniculata showed the best performance against Pycnoporus sanguineous, whereas the wood of Astronium sp. presented the best results when submitted to Gloeophyllum trabeum attack.Key words: amazonian woods; natural resistance; soil block test; decay fungi.
INTRODUÇÃOA ampliação do aproveitamento da madeira, ocasionada pelos processos industriais, contribui para o rápido crescimento de sua demanda. Contudo, o aumento na utilização de um grupo reduzido de espécies tem contribuído, significativamente, para a escassez dessas espécies e o desperdício das florestas e matas nativas. As indústrias moveleiras e de madeira beneficiada estão cada vez mais dependentes das madeiras da região amazônica, como fonte principal de matéria-prima.Dessa forma, a necessidade de estudos sobre a adequabilidade da madeira no seu emprego torna-se cada vez maior. Um dos fatores limitantes para a utilização de novas espécies florestais é a falta de dados sobre suas propriedades e, conseqüentemente, de seus possíveis usos comerciais e industriais.
The objectives of the present study were to determine anatomical characteristics, mechanical properties and natural durability to two fungi types [Gloeophyllum trabeum (Persoon ex Fries) Murrill and Trametes versicolor (Linnaeus ex Fries)Pilat] for cypress wood (Cupressus spp.). The wood has straight grain, brown to white color, medium texture, and moderate luster. It also showed medium to low density, low shrinkage, and moderate dimensional stability. Lignin content was relatively high, whereas extractive content was low. Cupressus spp. showed static bending properties of 4.1 GPa for modulus of elasticity; 91.0 MPa for modulus of rupture; 1.8 MPa for internal bond; and 6357 and 4039 N for end and side Janka hardness, respectively. All mechanical properties, in air-dry condition, were similar to those described to cypresses and some Amazonian hardwood species. Cypress wood was ranked as highly resistant to the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and to the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor, making it suitable for interior and exterior uses and high humidity environment.
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