As the 1930s moved towards their close, a new generation of young men began to dominate the political wing of a generally more radical and assertive Argentine Nacionalismo, replacing the old guard that had found its inspiration in General José F. Uriburu and the regime he had led between September 1930 and February 1932. The Alianza de la Juventud Nacionalista, set up in September 1937, was the most important nacionalista faction of the period. It shared with other nacionalista factions the rejection of liberalism, parliamentary democracy and communism, but in contrast to the elitist and anti‐popular orientation of earlier organisations, it aggressively tried to enlist popular support by portraying itself as a group genuinely concerned about the needs of the masses. The Alianza also distanced itself from the glorification of nineteenth‐century Argentina, another hallmark of previous groups. Although it failed in its efforts to build up a significant following, the analysis nevertheless demonstrates that the organisation can be described as a genuinely fascist movement.
In response to the gradual disappearance of the Movimiento Nacional
Socialista as the dominant force of the extreme right during the course of 1938,
new groups emerged on Chile's political scene. The Partido Nacional Fascista and
the Movimiento Nacionalista de Chile, established in October 1938 and February
1940 respectively, attempted to assume the role of nacismo after it had turned to
the left. Operating in a national and international environment, which became
increasingly detrimental to the development of national fascist organisations,
these new voices of Chilean fascism never managed to build up substantial
support. They remained on the sidelines of the political system. The return of the
Vanguardia Popular Socialista (the name of the MNS since January 1939) to its
fascist roots in the (Chilean) autumn of 1940 did not revive the dwindling forces
of the radical right. The Vanguardia, the Movimiento Nacionalista and a number
of smaller groups that followed the former dictator Carlos Ibáñez established the
Unión Nacionalista in March 1942, but this was a last desperate attempt to
breathe new life into a dying cause.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.