Este artigo objetiva descrever as perspectivas acerca dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos no contexto da epidemia do zika vírus. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão integrativa de literatura a partir de bases de dados eletrônicas – LILACS, SciELO, PubMed/Medline e Portal de Periódicos CAPES, no período de 2015 a 2017, com amostra final de 17 artigos. A partir disso, observou-se que debates acerca da garantia de direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres foram retomados na nova conjuntura proporcionada pela epidemia do Zika vírus. As discussões envolviam o acesso adequado a serviços de saúde, planejamento familiar, debates sobre gênero, possibilidades de interrupção da gestação, comunicação e responsabilidades masculinas no contexto da epidemia. Apesar da intensificação dos debates, avanços reais não aconteceram. Obstáculos políticos se fazem presentes, influenciando de forma negativa e perpetuando a violação dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres. Palavras-chave: Infecção pelo zika; Aborto; Direitos sexuais e reprodutivos; Planejamento familiar; Saúde da mulher.
Objetivou-se conhecer a percepção dos profissionais de saúde da família acerca da implementação de ações de saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde. Pesquisa qualitativa, com dados coletados em entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisadas pela técnica análise de conteúdo temática, no período de abril a junho de 2013. Participaram 17 trabalhadores da Estratégia Saúde da Família do município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. Depreenderam-se três categorias: Percepção acerca da promoção da saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde; Dificuldades/Limitações para implementação de ações de saúde mental na Estratégia Saúde da Família; Estratégias/Intervenções para implementação de saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde. Os participantes apresentaram dificuldades em relatar ações de promoção à saúde mental e demonstraram fragilidades na produção do cuidado. Observou-se a percepção deles em relação à necessidade de ampliação dos processos formativos em saúde mental, com vistas ao aprimoramento das ações em saúde mental na atenção primária à saúde.
Background The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic hit Brazil in 2015 and resulted in a generation of children at risk of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). The social vulnerability of certain segments of the population contributed to the disproportional occurrence of CZS in the Brazilian Northeast, the poorest region in the country. Living conditions are essential factors in understanding the social determination of CZS, which is embedded in a complex interaction between biological, environmental, and social factors. Salvador, the biggest city in the region, played a central role in the context of the epidemic and was a pioneer in reporting the ZIKV infection and registering a high number of cases of CZS. The aim of the study was identifying the incidence and spatial distribution pattern of children with CZS in the municipality of Salvador, according to living conditions. Methods This is an ecological study that uses the reported cases of ZIKV and CZS registered in the epidemiological surveillance database of the Municipal Secretariat of Health of the city of Salvador between August of 2015 and July of 2016. The neighborhoods formed the analysis units and the thematic maps were built based on the reported cases. Associations between CZS and living conditions were assessed using the Kernel ratio and a spatial autoregressive linear regression model. Results Seven hundred twenty-six live births were reported, of which 236 (32.5%) were confirmed for CZS. Despite the reports of ZIKV infection being widely distributed, the cases of CZS were concentrated in poor areas of the city. A positive spatial association was observed between living in places with poorer living conditions and births of children with CZS. Conclusions This study shows the role of living conditions in the occurrence of births of children with CZS and indicates the need for approaches that recognize the part played by social inequalities in determining CZS and in caring for the children affected.
Objetivou-se identificar por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura os sinais e sintomas que caracterizam as principaisurgências e emergências atendidas em pronto-socorro. Trata-se de uma Pesquisa de Revisão Sistemática da Literatura(RSL) de caráter descritivo e exploratório. Os termos utilizados para a busca, selecionados a partir dos Descritores emCiências da Saúde (DeCS) e do Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH), foram “relações enfermeiro-paciente”, “mediçãode risco” e “acolhimento”, além de seus correspondentes no idioma inglês “nurse-patient relations”, “risk assessment” e“user embracement”. O total de referências utilizadas somou 38: 30 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados nacionais einternacionais, dois livros, dois sites específicos sobre a temática classificação de risco e quatro apostilas do Ministério daSaúde que tratam especificamente da CR. Sinais e sintomas são características sentidas, relatadas e/ou demonstradas poruma pessoa, que pode ou não estar sob consulta com um profissional da saúde. Tornam-se subsídios para investigação doproblema apresentado e parâmetros para sugerir uma possível solução. O acolhimento com a classificação de risco constitui-se de uma estratégia no atendimento no pronto-socorro, em que é possível seguir critérios e estratégias para a prioridade no atendimento dos casos mais graves. Para tal, é preciso que o enfermeiro responsável por esta triagem esteja aptoe capacitado o suficiente para reconhecer os sinais e sintomas do paciente a fim de classificar seu caso de acordo com suaprioridade, possibilitando assim, um atendimento adequado às necessidades dos pacientes que chegam no pronto-socorro.Palavras-chave: Sinais e Sintomas; Pronto-Socorro; Emergência ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to identify, through a systematic review of the literature, the signs and symptoms that characterize the main emergencies and emergencies attended in the emergency room. It is a descriptive and exploratory SystematicReview of Literature (RSL). The terms used for the search, selected from the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) andthe Medical Subject Heading Terms (MeSH), were “nurse-patient relations”, “risk measurement” and “host”, in addition totheir corresponding in the English language “nurse-patient relations”, “risk assessment” and “user embracement”. The totalnumber of references used was 38: 30 articles found in the national and international databases, two books, two specificwebsites on the topic of risk classification and four Ministry of Health handbooks dealing specifically with the RC. Signsand symptoms are characteristics that are felt, reported and / or demonstrated by a person, who may or may not be underconsultation with a health professional. They become subsidies for investigation of the presented problem and parametersto suggest a possible solution. Reception with risk classification is a strategy in the emergency room, where it is possible tofollow criteria and strategies to prioritize the most serious cases. To do this, it is necessary that the nurse responsible forthis screening be apt and trained enough to recognize the signs and symptoms of the patient in order to classify their caseaccording to their priority, thus enabling an adequate attendance to the needs of arriving patients in the emergency room.Keywords: Signals and Symptons; Emergency Room; Emergency
Bacterial infections occur worldwide and are a major public health problem. Among pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus is the main causative agent of bacterial diseases in the world. This study aimed to evaluate which components of the immune system could act protectively against a S. aureus infection in intradermally immunized mice. C57BL/6 and A/j mice were immunized intradermally with S. aureus inactivated by heat and then challenged with viable strains in an air pouch model. At 6, 12, and 24 h after the challenge, euthanasia was performed, and the cellular profile of the inflammatory infiltrate, cytokines, and the bacterial load were evaluated in the air pouch lavages. Immunized mice demonstrated that the intradermal immunization with S. aureus promoted protection in C57BL/6 mice by reducing the bacterial, which was correlated with increased serum concentration of IgG antibodies (IgG1 and IgG2a) against S. aureus. The increase in IgG2a antibody levels was correlated with a decrease of bacterial load in intradermally immunized C57BL/6 mice, along with production of IL-17A at the inflammation site, as well as IgG1consumption. Similar results were not found in the A/j lineage. In conclusion, a vaccine against S. aureus should focus more on the individual characteristics of the host because it is a determinant factor for the success of the immunization.
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