Background Carboxytherapy is capable of inducing tissue repair which results in an increase in elastic and collagen fibers. Objectives To evaluate the effects of carboxytherapy upon human skin collagen and elastic fiber synthesis. Methods Case study of nine volunteers who received a single application of carboxytherapy in the left infraumbilical region, with infusion rate of 100 mL/min and 0.6 mL/kg weight over an area of 25 cm2. After 60 days on average, the skin was collected for histological analysis and stained with picrosirius red for collagen and Verhoeff for elastic fibers. The percentage of fibers found was marked by the Image J® program and recorded in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 20), with a significance level of 95%. Results An increase in the collagen and elastic fibers sample was observed in the treated group. Morphometrically, a significant increase in the percentage of collagen in the Carboxytherapy group (41.44 ± 4.50%) was observed compared with the control group (37.44 ± 3.87%) with P = .04; for elastic fibers, the percentage showed no significant difference between the control group (10.55 ± 4.33%) and the carboxytherapy group (10.44 ± 3.71%). Conclusions Carboxytherapy with the parameters used in this study was able to stimulate collagen and elastic fiber synthesis, with significant differences in the morphometry for collagen fibers.

The aim of the present paper is to compare and correlate the take of nerve segments in a severely crushed nerve. Forty adult Wistar rats had their right sciatic nerve by a "Péan-Murphy" forceps for 40 minutes. In Group 1 (n=20), a segmentar serection in the crushed sciatic nerve was made. A sural nerve segment from the opposite hindpaw was placed in the gap. In Group 2 (n=20), a lontudinal insision in the epineurium of the lesioned sciatic nerve was made. A sural nerve segment was buried underneath the epineurium. The crushed sciatic nerves undergone Wallerian degeneration and endoneurial fibrosis. Sciatic nerves from Group 2 had significant better histological aspects than those from Group 1. Sural nerve grafts presented better degrees of regeneration than crushed sciatic nerves. Sural nerve grafts from Group 2 (burying method) integrated as well as those from Group 1 (segmentar resection).

Ear lobe rejuvenation Ear lobe rejuvenation: technical description and indications Rejuvenescimento de lóbulo de orelha: descrição da técnica e indicações

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Many surgical techniques have been proposed for the treatment of gynecomastia with excess skin. Most of them leave long, visible scars, and do not always elevate the nipple-areola complex. The use of periareolar mammaplasty associated with inferior or superior pedicle flaps embodying the areola has the objectives of elevating the nipple-areola complex and removing excess skin and adipoglandular tissue. Permanent periareolar circling is applied to prevent late widening of the nipple-areola complex. The final scar is circular and around the periphery of the areola. The procedure is described, including postoperative evolution and results.