RESUMOOs anfíbios estão sofrendo um severo declínio populacional, o que se faz necessário a realização de estudos que enfatizam aspectos reprodutivos, para atenuar tal problemática, visando à perpetuação desses animais. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi mensurar as características histotesticulares de Dendropsophus nanus, obtendo informações sobre a biologia reprodutiva da espécie analisada. Para tanto, foram coletados seis indivíduos de D. nanus, em uma área de cerrado no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, no mês de dezembro de 2015. Os espécimes foram eutanasiados com lidocaína líquida 5%, em seguida, removeram-se os testículos que foram conservados em álcool 70%. Os testículos foram processados segundo protocolo do Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural de Viçosa, registraram-se as fotos do parênquima testicular com o fotomicroscópio de luz, e a análise decorreu com utilização do programa Image Pro-Plus. O compartimento mais abundante no parênquima testicular foi o tubular, preenchendo 79,9% enquanto que o compartimento intertubular ficou restrito a 20,1%. Discriminando os componentes do intertúbulo testicular, o mais reincidente foi o tecido conjuntivo com 68,7%, seguido da célula de Leydig com 24,9%, vaso sanguíneo 3,7%, vaso linfático 2,4% e ducto espermático 0,3%. Na célula de Leydig, o citoplasma foi predominante ocupando 85,5% desta célula, e o núcleo ocorreu em 14,5%. Portanto, com os resultados obtidos pode-se inferir que a D. nanus na época da amostragem estava em intenso período reprodutivo, com produção substancial de andrógenos, células germinativas e gametas. PALAVRAS -CHAVE: Anfíbios, espermatogênese, Reprodução. HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TESTES DENDROPSOPHUS NANUS (BOULENGER, 1889) (ANURA, HYLIDAE)ABSTRACT Amphibians are suffering a severe population decline, which makes it necessary to carry out studies that emphasize reproductive aspects, to mitigate this problem, aiming at the perpetuation of these animals. Therefore, the objective of this work was
Pulmonary sporotrichosis, such as other chronic fungal and mycobacterial infections, can be difficult to diagnose. We present a novel twist on the old technique of bronchoalveolar lavage that leads to improved diagnostic yield.
Introduction:We present a case of a prisoner diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and started on steroids who rapidly developed hyperinfection. The rapidity of onset and the human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV)-2 seropositivity are Strongyloides stercoralis unique aspects. Case Presentation:A 60 year old African American male prisoner with past medical history of congestive heart failure and hypertension presented with a 6 month history of progressive weakness, cough, diarrhea, and a 50 pound weight loss. Prior to this illness he was active, exercising and lifting weights daily. Biopsies obtained during a colonoscopy showed focal cryptitis and glandular distortion consistent with IBD. He was started on 40 milligrams of prednisone. Within 48 hours, the patient developed dyspnea which progressed to hypoxemic respiratory failure on the third day. He required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Chest radiography revealed bilateral airspace opacities. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage revealed larvae on cytological exam. Reevaluation of the colonic Strongyloides stercoralis biopsies showed parasitic larva in the lamina propria and submucosa. The patient received a seven day course of albendazole and ivermectin. He was extubated after three days and was discharged shortly after. Discussion:Strongyloides often presents with vague gastrointestinal, skin, and pulmonary complaints. Up to 25% of patients in tropical areas are infected with Strongyloidiasis. While less common, it does occur sporadically in temperate areas. Physicians in these areas must maintain a high degree of suspicion before starting steroids to prevent hyperinfection syndrome. This is crucial in those with risk factors, including . , prison inmates, and residents in the Southeastern United States immigrants, military personnel This case has several unique features. He developed symptoms consistent with hyperinfection within 48 hours after starting steroids. Most of the previous literature described symptoms after at least 20 days, though some have described symptoms as short as six days after therapy. The second is the positivity for HTLV-2. Although there is an association with HTLV-1, association with HTLV-2 has not been reported. HTLV-2 has been associated with an increased risk of infection such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and tuberculosis, raising the possibility that the combination of HTLV-2 infection and prednisone use contributed to the rapid decline after starting steroids. Conclusion:This case demonstrates that strongyloides hyperinfection may present earlier than previously thought after starting steroids. To our knowledge, this is the first reported association with HTLV-2, which merits further investigation. Strongyloides in Bronchoalveolar Lavage
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