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Palavras chave: cerrado, stricto sensu, regeneração natural, São Paulo, biodiversidade vegetal. The savanna can be broadly defined as an environment with intermediate characteristics between field and forest. Due to its great geographical distribution, being found in approximately 30% of the dry areas of the planet, there are about 200 different definitions for the savanna concept. The Brazilian Cerrado, classified as a type of savannah, accompanies the tendency to present numerous definitions according to the author or region. In spite of this, it can be affirmed that the Cerrado is the second largest Brazilian biome occupying about 21% of the national territory, being distributed in great north-south extension, presenting from forest formations to open fields. In the present study cerrado stricto sensu is defined as the environment with the presence of small trees, twisted and with irregular branches, usually with bark with cork and xeromorphic leaves. The current conservation status of the savannas is critical and, specifically in the state of São Paulo, this situation is not different, being that the remnants of cerrado are under great anthropic pressures, mainly the pressure of the agricultural activities that convert the natural landscape through the modification of the vegetal cover, compromising the conservation of the natural areas, extremely fragmented and altered. Given the current state of conservation of the cerrado, it is essential to know the conservation status of the remnants and to know how natural regeneration processes are taking place in these areas, since in order to substantiate any conservation action, management or direct intervention information on plant biodiversity are essential. Thus, the objective of this study was to study aspects of the dynamics of the natural regeneration of the vegetation of a remnant of cerrado stricto sensu located in the municipality of Patrocínio Paulista -SP. For this, the composition of the adult stratum of the remnant, the juvenile stratum, rainfall and seed bank were characterized, complementing this information with phenological data of six tree species, all studies carried out on a fragment of cerrado stricto sensu with 100 ha in Fazenda Santa Cecília, Patrocínio Paulista -SP. The results clearly indicate a decrease in local plant biodiversity, where the regenerative strata represent a very small sample of the current adult stratum. Increasing the time scale of the analysis, using the results presented by the only phytosociological study carried out in the same fragment in the year 2004, this trend is even more evident, reinforcing the results found in the present study. The floristic composition of the regenerative stratum with a diversity that is much lower than expected, does not present a biodiversity compatible with the expected, indicates the failure of the regeneration process in the analyzed fragment. The process of decreasing local plant biodiversity, with the possible extinction of many plant species in the medium and long term, characterizes...

ABSTRACT. Landscape Ecology is a contemporary approach in conservation studies in which, coupled to the development and use of GIS-based tools, provides new methods for the analysis of forest fragments. Based on these new approaches, the environmental assessment of ground use in the Iguatemi river basin Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil is provided through conservation-based flora and ecology aspects. A regional map of ground use with field-collected data using Rapid Ecological Assessment methodology and digital satellite images was prepared. AER analysis showed a highly impacted region featuring intense transformation in ground use with a conversion of 87% of native forest into grazing and agriculture land. The general situation is inconsistent with APA guidelines, the conservationist unit which operates in the river basin. PPAs' recovery, erosion control and adjustment to current environmental regulations are mandatory.Keywords: landscape ecology, conservation, forest fragments.Enfoque conservacionista no diagnóstico ambiental do uso do solo na bacia do rio Iguatemi, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil RESUMO. A Ecologia de Paisagem é uma abordagem atual nos estudos conservacionistas que, aliada ao desenvolvimento e uso de ferramentas baseadas em SIG, proporciona novas metodologias de análise de fragmentos florestais. Baseado nessas novas abordagens, o objetivo do estudo foi realizar o diagnóstico ambiental do uso do solo na bacia do rio Iguatemi, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, utilizando aspectos florísticos e ecológicos com um foco conservacionista. Pelos dados coletados, em campo utilizando metodologia da Avaliação Ecológica Rápida e imagens de satélite tratadas digitalmente, foi elaborado um mapa de uso do solo da região. A análise da AER indicou uma região intensamente antropizada com a conversão de 87% de floresta nativa em área de uso antrópico, como pastagem e agricultura. A situação geral não condiz com as diretrizes de uma APA, unidade de conservação na qual está inserida toda a bacia. Há necessidade de recuperação de APPs, controle de erosão e adequação quanto à legislação ambiental vigente.Palavras-chave: ecologia da paisagem, conservação, fragmentos florestais.