Present study evaluated the relationship between estrogenic hormones concentrations (17ethinylestradiol and 17β-estradiol) in surface waters in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (Brazil) and environmental variables. Four sampling stations were monitored ranging from a protected area to streams discharging human effluent in and around Billings Reservoir. Four sampling campaigns were carried out in each seasonal period: DRY and WET. Samples for hormone analysis (in ng L -1 ) were concentrated (1000X) using solid phase extraction C 18 cartridges and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry detection, with 100 ng L -1 limit of quantification. Water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids were determined in situ; total phosphorus and Sinapis alba bioassays were performed subsequently. Reservoir active capacity (AC) and precipitation were also obtained. Estrogenic hormones concentrations were always below limit of quantification at pristine site; at the other sampling stations, 17β-estradiol concentrations varied from below limit of quantification to 1,720 ng L -1 and 17ethinylestradiol from below limit of quantification to 1,200 ng L -1 , with the highest concentrations found in the streams discharging into the reservoir. These streams showed higher Pearson's correlation between 17-ethinylestradiol, total phosphorus, and electrical conductivity when compared with reservoir stations. Germination index and EC presented negative correlation (Pearson's r = -0.61), denoting a phytotoxicity increase with EC increment. AC influenced the dilution of pollutants and showed negative correlations with total phosphorus (Pearson's r = -0.56). These results highlight the relevance of including streams in water monitoring programs, since they are important pollutants loads into watersheds.
Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a fitotoxicidade de águas superficiais da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo utilizando bioensaios com Sinapis alba (sementes de mostarda), bem como a sua relação com a condutividade elétrica e sólidos dissolvidos totais. Foram realizadas 3 coletas no período de seca de 2017 (menor diluição de poluentes). As coletas foram realizadas em triplicata, em duas estações de amostragem (Referência e Córrego Ribeirão Pires). As variáveis respostas observadas foram: o crescimento radicular da S. alba, a porcentagem relativa de germinação, a porcentagem relativa de crescimento radicular, o Índice de Germinação (IG), além da aferição in locu da condutividade elétrica e dos sólidos dissolvidos totais, utilizando sonda multiparamétrica. As amostras da estação Referência foram classificadas como não fitotóxicas (IG = 93,55 ± 0,17%), enquanto as amostras do Córrego Ribeirão Pires apresentaram fitotoxicidade moderada (IG = 70,88 ± 0,25%). Desse modo, o despejo de águas residuárias no Córrego Ribeirão Pires oferece risco à manutenção da qualidade da água da Represa Billings, onde esse córrego deságua.
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