Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a diversidade genética de populações de Zabrotes subfasciatus, por meio de marcadores moleculares ISSR. Foram avaliadas 12 populações, provenientes de oito estados brasileiros, no total de 269 indivíduos. Cinco iniciadores ISSR permitiram a obtenção do total de 51 fragmentos polimórficos. A percentagem média de locos polimórficos, dentro de cada população, foi de 83,8%. A heterozigosidade corrigida de Nei esperada variou de 0,23 a 0,33, com média de 0,29, e o índice de diversidade genética de Shannon e Weaver variou de 0,29 a 0,48, com média de 0,42. No nível de espécie, estes dois índices apresentaram valores de 0,36 e 0,54, respectivamente. A análise de variância molecular mostrou que 66% da variância molecular total pode ser atribuída a diferenças intrapopulacionais e que os 34% restantes podem ser atribuídos a diferenças interpopulacionais. O teste de Mantel mostrou baixa correlação entre: distância geográfica e diferenciação genética, identidade genética e diferenciação genética e, distância genética de Nei e diferenciação genética. As populações brasileiras de Z. subfasciatus possuem baixa diferenciação genética e fraca estruturação geográfica.Termos para indexação: caruncho-do-feijão, diferenciação genética, índice de diversidade genética, marcadores ISSR. Genetic diversity estimated through ISSR markers in populations of Zabrotes subfasciatusAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of populations of Zabrotes subfasciatus through ISSR molecular markers. Twelve populations from eight Brazilian states were sampled in the total of 269 individuals. Five ISSR primers were used and a total of 51 polymorphic bands were obtained. The percentage of polymorphism within population averaged 83.8%. Nei's unbiased expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.23 to 0.33, with an average of 0.29, and the Shannon & Weaver's index of gene diversity varied from 0.29 to 0.48, with an average of 0.42. At species level, these two indexes were 0.36 and 0.54, respectively. The analysis of molecular variance showed that 66% of the total molecular variance can be attributed to differences within population, while 34% was apportioned among populations. Mantel's test showed a low correlation between: geographic distance and genetic differentiation, genetic identity and genetic differentiation, and Nei's genetic distance and genetic differentiation. The genetic differentiation in Brazilian populations of Z. subfasciatus is low and geographic structuring is weak.
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