AIMS: To analyze factors associated with physical activity levels among older women attending social groups for the elderly.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly women enrolled in the Municipal Social Development Foundation in the city of Tubarão, in south Brazil. Sociodemographic and health status variables were evaluated through questionnaires administered during interviews, and by anthropometric evaluation. The level of physical activity was assessed using the Modified Baecke Questionnaire for the Elderly. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment for older adults.RESULTS: Out of 306 elderly women included in the study, 214 (69.9%) were defined as physically inactive and 92 (30.1%) were active. The proportion of physically active participants between 60-69 years of age was 52.2%, between 70-79 years was 40.2% and equal or more than 80 years was 7.6% (p = 0.011). No other sociodemographic or anthropometric characteristics were associated with physical activity. In the non-adjusted analysis there was association between physical activity and better quality of life, as well as with fewer diseases. There was a weak negative correlation between physical activity and number of diseases (correlation coefficient = 0.215) and a weak positive correlation between physical activity and quality of life scores (correlation coefficient = 0.284). In the adjusted analysis, physical activity remained as a protection factor for loss of quality of life: prevalence ratio = 0.88 (95% confidence interval = 0.81-0.96), p = 0.003.CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that physical activity in elderly women was associated with better quality of life, even when adjusted for age.
Background: Obesity is considered a top public health concern, and its prevalence is growing every day. Thus, interventions to address this problem should be encouraged and further studied. In this regard, the aim of this review was to summarize the evidence of martial arts interventions to evaluate their effectiveness on the anthropometric and body composition parameters of overweight and obese subjects. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on January 26, 2020 using the PubMed, Medline, Lilacs, Cochrane, and Scielo databases. Reference lists of eligible articles and relevant reviews have also been examined. All randomized clinical trials on martial arts that evaluated the anthropometric and body composition parameters of overweight and obese subjects were included, and a narrative synthesis of eligible studies was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The Downs & Black checklist was used to assess the quality of the studies. This review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (identifier CRD42018086116). Results: A total of 82 articles were identified from the initial search strategy. A further 2 articles were identified from the review of relevant bibliographies. Six studies encompassing 258 participants who were overweight or obese were included. Four studies reported Tai Chi practice, one study reported Kung Fu exercise, and another study reported martial arts exercise. The examined meta-analyses did not reveal significant benefits from martial arts practice over control groups after the experiment period for body mass index (− 1.34 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI: − 2.72, 0.05), waist circumference (1.41 cm; 95% CI: − 0.72, 3.54) and percentage of body fat (− 0.75%; 95% CI: − 5.58, 4.08).
Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Results: After the intervention period, the treatment group showed a reduction in resting heart rate (77.86 [10.89]), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (40.86 [8.31]), and triglycerides (75.18 [32.29]) and an increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (95.64 [42.53]) in relation to pretraining. Regarding oxidative stress markers, there was a reduction in protein carbonylation (0.07 [0.06]) and nitric oxide (1.39 [1.11]) and an increase in superoxide dismutase (0.68 [0.31]) and glutathione (0.11 [0.08]) compared with pretraining. With respect to inflammation, adiponectin increased (14.54 [5.36]) after the intervention when compared with preintervention. Conclusion: The study concluded that the intervention may improve cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Long-term effects need to be evaluated.
Objetivo: Analisar os fatores associados à quantidade total de medicamentos consumidos por mulheres idosas que frequentam grupos sociais para idosos.Materiais e Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, realizado com mulheres idosas cadastradas na Fundação Municipal de Desenvolvimento Social, na cidade de Tubarão, no sul do Brasil. As variáveis sociodemográficas e de estado de saúde foram avaliadas por meio de questionários aplicados durante as entrevistas e por avaliação antropométrica. O consumo de medicamentos foi avaliado por questionários, análise das receitas médicas e caixas dos medicamentos consumidos. O nível de atividade física foi avaliado pelo Questionário Baecke Modificado para Idosos. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada por meio do questionário World Health Organization Quality of Life-Old.Resultados: A prevalência de consumo de pelo menos um medicamento foi identificada em 98,7% das idosas participantes, com média de 5,33 medicamentos consumidos por pessoa. A polifarmácia (>5 medicamentos) ocorreu em 43,8% dos casos. Na análise ajustada houve associação entre o consumo de medicamentos e ingestão de álcool (p=0,047), quantidade de consultas médicas por ano (p=0,001), consultas médicas privadas (p=0,011), diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial (p<0,001), diabetes mellitus (p=0,006), osteoporose (p=0,003) e densitometria óssea (p=0,031).Conclusão: O estudo concluiu que o consumo de medicamentos foi elevado entre as idosas. Além disso, um maior consumo de medicamentos foi associado ao diagnóstico de hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus e osteoporose. Aqueles que consumiram um maior número de medicamentos, procuraram tratamento médico privado e visitaram um médico três ou mais vezes por ano.
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