No abstract

Analisar a prevalência de larva migrans visceral (LMV) e larva migrans cutânea (LMC) em solos de parques públicos da cidade de Redenção, estado do Pará, Brasil. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram examinados os solos de cinco parques da cidade, localizados do centro até a periferia. Foram colhidos 60 g de solo em cinco diferentes pontos de cada parque, totalizando 25 amostras. Para o processamento desse material, utilizaram-se as técnicas de sedimentação espontânea e de centrífugo-flutuação. RESULTADOS: Do total de amostras dos cinco parques, 80,0% foram positivas para a presença de formas parasitárias, sendo 72,1% identificadas como LMC e 27,9% como LMV. Além disso, observou-se uma predominância de larvas filarioides de ancilostomídeos (58,8%) em relação ao restante das larvas identificadas. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência desses parasitos nos parques públicos enfatiza a importância da adoção de medidas profiláticas, pois os mesmos podem atuar como fonte de infecção no ambiente, comprometendo a saúde humana.

The monoaminergic dysfunction plays a central role in major depressive disorder (MDD), a mental disturbance associated with constant feeling of sadness and lack of interest. The available treatments do not present a desirable efficacy and some of them provoke several adverse effects. In this context, organoselenium compounds and molecules containing the indolizine nucleus have demonstrated interesting pharmacological properties, including antidepressant-like effects. In this study, the antidepressant-like effect of 2-phenyl-1-(phenylselanyl)indolizine (SeI), a selenium-containing indolizine derivative, was investigated on the forced swimming test (FST) and on the tail suspension test (TST) in male Swiss mice. The involvement of the serotonergic system in this effect was also accessed. The selenium compound SeI (10−100 mg/kg, intragastrical (i.g.)) was administered 0.5 h before the behavioral tests, and it diminished the immobility on both FST and TST experiments, which is an indication of antidepressant-like effect. No changing in the locomotor motion was observed in the open-field test (OFT). The anti-immobility effect of SeI was not altered by the preadministration of the selective serotonergic receptor antagonists ondansetron (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.), antagonist of 5-HT 3 receptor) and WAY100635 (0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneous route (s.c.), antagonist of 5-HT 1A receptor). In contrast, the preadministration of ketanserin (1 mg/kg, i.p., antagonist of 5-HT 2A/C receptor) blocked this effect, demonstrating that the antidepressant-like effect of SeI involves 5-HT 2A/C . In addition, molecular docking studies showed a strong interaction between SeI and the receptors of 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C . The toxicological results demonstrated that SeI has low potential to cause adverse effects in mice. It was found that the antidepressant-like effect of SeI is related to modulation of the serotonergic system, and this selenium compound could be included in new treatment approaches for MDD.

No abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disorder that affects a large portion of the population, with dysregulation of the serotonergic system, which is deeply involved in both the pathophysiology of MDD and mechanism of action of many antidepressants. Current pharmacological therapies do not meet the neurobiological needs of all depressed individuals, making the development of new antidepressants necessary. In recent decades, compounds containing triazoles have become promising due to their range of biological activities, including antidepressant activity. In this study, we evaluated the antidepressant-like effect of a hybrid containing triazole and acetophenone, 1-(2-(4-(4ethylphenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)phenyl)ethan-1-one (ETAP) (0.5−5 mg/kg), in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) in mice, as well as the involvement of the serotonergic system in this effect. Our findings demonstrated that ETAP exhibited an antidepressant-like effect from the dose of 1 mg/kg and that this effect is modulated by 5-HT 2A/2C and 5-HT 4 receptors. We also demonstrated that this effect may be related to inhibition of monoamine oxidase A activity in the hippocampus. Additionally, we evaluated the in silico pharmacokinetic profile of ETAP, which predicted its penetration into the central nervous system. ETAP exhibited a low potential for toxicity at a high dose, making this molecule interesting for the development of a new therapeutic strategy for MDD.