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Classification of breast lesions is clinically most relevant for breast radiologists and pathologists for early breast cancer detection. This task is not easy due to poor ultrasound resolution and large amount of patient data size. This paper proposes a five step novel and automatic methodology for breast lesion classification in 3-D ultrasound images. The first three steps yield an accurate segmentation of the breast lesions based on the combination of (a) novel non-extensive entropy, (b) morphologic cleaning and (c) accurate region and boundary extraction in level set framework. Segmented lesions then undergo five feature extractions consisting of: area, circularity, protuberance, homogeneity, and acoustic shadow. These breast lesion features are then input to a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier that classifies the breast lesions between malignant and benign types. SVM utilizes B-spline as a kernel in its framework. Using a data base of 250 breast ultrasound images (100 benign and 150 malignant) and utilizing the cross-validation protocol, we demonstrate system's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value as: 95%, 97%, 94%, 92% and 98% respectively in terms of ROC curves and A_z areas, better in performance than the current literature offers.

Objective: This article presents an interesting case of osteochondroma of the the sigmoid notch. Case Report: A 15-year-old female with severe facial asymmetry, malocclusion, open bite and extreme limitation of mouth opening. Panoramic radiography showed an exophytic radiopaque mass arising from the sigmoid notch on the right side. CT images revealed bony proliferation with benign signs causing damage to the articular eminence, condilar morphology and periarticular soft tissue calcifications. Magnetic Resonance confirmed the findings of the CT and revealed modifications on disc morphology. A surgical resection was performed. Conclusion:The OC located at the sigmoid notch presented is probably the rarest site seen in the existing literature.Key words: Osteochondroma; Sigmoid notch; Facial asymmetry; Restricted mouth opening Osteocondroma do sulco sigmoide: relato de caso em uma localização rara RESUMO Objetivo: O presente artigo apresenta um caso interessante de osteocondroma (OC) no sulco sigmoide. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, com 15 anos de idade, apresentada assimetria facial severa, mal oclusão, mordida aberta e restrição severa da abertura bucal. A radiografia panorâmica evidenciou a presença de uma massa radiopaca exofítica, partindo do sulco sigmoide do lado direito. Imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) evidenciaram a presença de proliferação óssea, com características benígnas, causando alterações na eminência articular, morfologia condilar e calcificação dos tecidos moles peri-articulares. A ressonância magnética confirmou os achados da TC com relação à alteração da morfologia do disco articular. Como tratamento, foi realizada a ressecção cirúrgica. Conclusão: O OC localizado no sulco sigmoide, apresentado no presente relato de caso, é provavelmente a localização mais rara citada na literatura.

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