Uncertainty and non-ergodicity: critique of the neoclassical. The starting point of this essay is to show that, in our view, the problem of the traditional economics is not in the deductive method nor the mathematical methods used, but to attribute to economic agents "power" on the future and prescribe the existence of ergodic stochastic processes in their economic analyzes. Thus, building a theory on the ground whose bases are not able to sustain a proper understanding of the world, mainstream economics has difficulties in using the modeling for establishing deductions and conclusions that help understanding the system. Thus, the logical-mathematical rigor in economic models and deduction can be used with appropriate axioms, which is not the case of mainstream economics. Our hypothesis is that the inability of the mainstream in predicting economic crisis is due to the non-recognition of some principles that best describe the dynamics of financialized contemporary capitalism, as the principles of non-ergodicity and Keynesian uncertainty.
RESUMOEste artigo analisa a expansão verificada na rede federal de ensino, com ênfase na rede federal de educação profissional, científica e tecnológica. A política econômica é compreendida aqui de maneira ampla, incorporando a política educacional. Para isto, é exposto um breve histórico da educação profissional no mundo, em consonância com as necessidades surgidas a partir da Revolução Industrial. A educação aparece atrelada ao desenvolvimento econômico, podendo, por vezes, negligenciar a busca pelo desenvolvimento intelectual como um fim em si mesmo. A partir daí, é realizada uma breve explanação a respeito da educação no Brasil. As contribuições da abordagem das capacitações, desenvolvida a partir das obras de Amartya Sen, são explicitadas, com foco na educação como uma importante liberdade substantiva para que as pessoas possam viver do modo que acham racionalmente melhor. Procura-se analisar a expansão da educação profissional no Brasil à luz da abordagem das capacitações, questionando se essa atende aos princípios do desenvolvimento humano.PALAVRAS CHAVE: educação profissional, abordagem das capacitações, desenvolvimento humano. ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the expansion recorded of federal network of education, with emphasis on the federal network of professional, scientific and technological education. Economic policy is understood here in a broad sense incorporating the educational policy. For this, is exposed a brief history of vocational education in the world, in accordance with the needs that emerged from Industrial Revolution. Thereafter, is made a brief explanation about education in Brazil. The contributions of the capabilities approach, developed from the work of Amartya Sen are exposed, with focus on education and the expansion of capabilities. Finally, the expansion of vocational education in Brazil is analyzed considering the capabilities approach.
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