The present work describes research conducted on the fretting behaviour of S 355 MC galvanised steel sheet. In order to study the influence of the normal load and the displacement effect, some of the specimens were galvanised by hot dipping and the rest were only polished before being tested. Fretting tests were carried out on a specially developed fretting rig prototype under 'crossed-cylinders' contact geometry. Tests were done during 0.72 × 10 6 cycles in laboratory air conditions. The tangential force and the displacement were measured in order to establish the fretting cycles for each fretting condition. The fretted surfaces were analysed by means of optical and scanning electron microscopes to identify the main wear mechanisms. Three different fretting regimes were identified: the stick regime; the slip regime; and the mixed stick-slip regime, which depended mainly on the influence of the normal load and the stroke.
The aim of the work described here was to find evidence for the influence of stroke length on the reciprocating wear of aluminium matrix composites. For this purpose, two kinds of tests were performed: reciprocating ball-on-plane geometry experiments to apply stroke in the millimetre range, and fretting tests to study the strokes in the micrometer scale. The relationships between the dissipated energy and the wear volume were established to compare these two different scale tests. The results are discussed in terms of energy approach and of the comparison of the wear mechanisms observed on the wear scars resulting from both tests.
Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic situation has imposed changes in the way many services are being provided. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of lean thinking and digital transformation on services redesign of a higher education institution. The aim is to improve efficiency and incorporate new health and safety recommendations because of the pandemic situation. Design/methodology/approach This paper follows a case study approach to explore how lean thinking contributes to the digital transformation of services. The data was collected through student surveys from a Portuguese University, where three different academic services were selected. Findings This paper identifies important requirements for new and improved online alternatives to face-to-face interactions of the students with the academic services. It also shows that lean thinking is a driver for digital transformation of services. Practical implications This paper presents a dedicated roadmap to aid the implementation of a digital transformation process within student academic services of higher education institutions. Originality/value This paper addresses the digital transformation of services through a lean thinking perspective and considering four dimensions: quality, efficiency, cost reduction and health and safety.
Purpose The aim of the paper is to assist hospitality business, operating in a sharing economy model and responding to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) crisis. It is argued that the creation of a strategy to face COVID-19 crisis should be focussed on what the guests valued most. The paper focusses on the Airbnb service, which is the leading platform in accommodation inside the sharing economy, to explore the consumer profile and analyse its motivations to use hospitality service, based on socio-demographic characteristics and user experience. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a questionnaire survey targeting tourists who have experience using the Airbnb service. A total of 380 valid responses were analysed with statistical package programme for the social sciences (SPSS), performing a multivariate variance analyses (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (UNIANOVA), which corresponds to five of the main motivations regarding Airbnb booking. Findings The results show a motivation increase towards the sharing economy and benefits of the sharing economy for customers between 41 and 60 years of age. It was also observed that consumers with a monthly income below the average salary level are less keen to prefer the sharing economy philosophy. Controversially, the results also show that more than 80% of the guests do not want to share the room with people they are not related to. Originality/value The paper contributes to the understanding of consumers' behaviour by discussing the potential of the accommodation sharing model for the post-COVID recovery of the hospitality sector.
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