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Resumopresente trabalho investiga as reais condições dos ambientes de trabalho da indústria da construção, tendo em vista os problemas relacionados à segurança do trabalho nos canteiros de obras. Formulou-se a hipótese de haver discrepância no grau de cumprimento da NR-18 em obras de diferentes portes (pequena, média e grande). Baseado em uma lista de verificação do grau de cumprimento dos requisitos da NR-18, foram avaliados 115 canteiros de obra na cidade de Chapecó -SC. Para cada item da lista de verificação foi atribuída uma nota e, após compilar as informações, estas foram avaliadas conforme os objetivos da pesquisa. Fez-se uma análise crítica para os cinco piores e os cinco melhores itens observados para as obras pequenas, médias e grandes. Analisando-se os resultados é possível afirmar que há uma diferença significativa de aplicação da NR-18 nos diferentes portes de obras, sendo que as obras de grande porte obtiveram uma média final (6,47) significativamente superior em relação às obras pequenas (1,97). Desta forma, foi corroborada a hipótese formulada, podendo se atribuir este resultado a diversos fatores, entre os quais a falta de habilidades gerenciais de segurança e saúde do trabalho nas pequenas empresas. Outra contribuição deste artigo foi a proposta de uma nova lista de verificação para avaliar o grau de cumprimento da NR-18 nos canteiros de obra.Palavras-chave:Segurança no trabalho. Grau de cumprimento da NR-18. Listas de verificação. (small, medium, and large) Abstract This research work investigates the real conditions of working environments in the construction industry, considering problems related to occupational safety in construction sites. The hypothesis that the degree of compliance to NR-18 (Brazilian Regulation for Occupational Safety and Health at Construction sites) varies according to project size

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This paper presents a statistic survey on work accidents and professional diseases in Rio Grande do Sul state's construction industry. Data for years 1996 and 1997 were obtained from CAT, an official con~pulsory form used to communicate work accidents and professional diseases in Brazil. This survey analyzed the statistics of the work profile, the accident timing distribution and the accidents causes and injuries. Data were analyzed in a database specially designed for this survey with a graphic interface that makes consultation easier. The results point out that construction enterprises need to consider the use of safer technology, better management and work organization. The most important conclusion is that employees are not as careless as is usually affirmed. The results and conclusions about main work accident causes can be used to guide public and private health and safety programs, in order to reduce both number and severity of accidents.

ResumoA Norma de Desempenho NBR 15575 (ABNT, 2013a) entrou em vigor em julho de 2013 e, atualmente, estão ficando prontas as primeiras obras que deveriam estar cumprindo esses requisitos. Então esse artigo tem com objetivo avaliar o desempenho de edificações habitacionais de Chapecó/SC através de um check list da norma de desempenho proposto por Carubim (2017). O check list foi aplicado em uma obra de cada empresa, totalizando cinco empresas, denominadas na pesquisa por A, B, C, D e E. A avaliação foi realizada por parte da norma atendida (1 a 6) e pelo desempenho da obra (A até E). Dentre as partes da norma atendidas, pode-se destacar positivamente a parte 2 de desempenho estrutural, a qual foi a mais atendida. Como destaque negativo, a parte 4 de sistemas de vedações verticais internas e externas apresentou somente 10% de atendimento devido à falta de laudos de estanqueidade e acústica e por falta de definição de durabilidade e manutenibilidade. Concluiu-se com a pesquisa que as obras analisadas não estão totalmente de acordo com a norma de desempenho, sendo que os projetistas, fornecedores e os próprios construtores devem adaptar seus serviços de modo a priorizar o desempenho mínimo ao usuário final da edificação.Palavras-chave: Norma de desempenho. NBR 15575. Avaliação de desempenho. AbstractThe NBR 15575 Performance Standard (ABNT, 2013a) came into force in July 2013 and today the first works are being delivered that should comply with its requirements. This article, therefore, seeks to assess the performance of residential buildings in Chapecó/SC using a check-list of the performance standard proposed by Carubim (2017). The check-list was applied in one construction project of each company, totaling five companies, which were labeled as A, B, C, D and E in the study. The evaluation was performed in accordance with the satisfied criteria (1 to 6) and the performance of the work (A to E). Among the parts of the standard met, part 2 -structural performance -deserves a positive mention since it was the most satisfied criterion. Part 4 -internal and vertical sealing systems -was a negative highlight, satisfying only 10% of the criterion because of the lack of sealing and acoustics reports and the lack of durability and maintainability definitions. This study allows for the conclusion that the works under study don't comply fully with the performance standard, and that the designers, suppliers and builders must adapt their services to prioritize the minimum performance standard for the end user of the building.

The A3 report is a Kaizen tool that must contain, on one side of an A3 paper sheet, a context, the current situation, the objective, an analysis, countermeasures, an action plan, the monitoring and an upgrade regarding the situation to be improved. This study seeks to analyze the post-implementation effects of the A3 tool, which is part of the Kaizen method. The research method consisted in the collection and evaluation of A3 reports produced in the past seven years in a company of prefabricated steel structures. Among the 154 developed A3 reports, it was observed that 76% were drafted by the engineering and manufacturing departments, which converged on the improvement of processes, services and innovative solutions. The manufacturing and assembly sectors had 60% of the improvements implemented by the A3 tool, but the impacts with the greatest economic significance for the company were found in other sectors, such as sales and logistics. The conclusion is drawn that the A3 report was effective in the deployment of Kaizen, resulting in the improvement of services and processes, and consequently in the direct reduction of the cost of the finished product. In addition, it influenced market and business expansion strategies throughout the company.

The use of pervious concrete to minimize the effects caused by the impermeability of the soil as a result of increasing urbanization is an alternative that still requires further studies regarding its design and implementation. From this perspective, this paper presents a study of the characteristics of pervious concrete, including its tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength and the permeability coefficient, through the development of various mixtures to adjust the characteristics of the local aggregates. Eight mixtures were studied based on a reference mixture, five of which were related to the pervious concrete with the addition of finer aggregates than the reference mixture without these aggregates. Subsequently, three mixtures were studied with the inclusion of polypropylene fibers in order to analyze the effects of the addition of fibers on the properties of the pervious concrete. It is concluded that the presence of fibers changed the characteristics of the concrete, increasing its strengths while achieving a good permeability in its mixtures. An improvement in the flexural strength of the pervious concrete was observed, which is the main property to be considered for its use in pavements, without harming the permeability, which raises the possibility for its application.

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