In a piano sight-reading (SR) experiment, 27 undergraduate students had their SR measured. It tested the hypothesis that transposition (control group) would be a pedagogical intervention better than rhythmic training and the use of four-handed repertoire (two experimental groups). The individual errors were collected from three tests in three difficulty levels (27 students x 3 tests x 3 levels), generating a total of 243 observations. Although students improved their performance by 30%, none of the pedagogical interventions had any significant effect (p=0.96). The results were: a) practicing reading in the bass clef, the rhythmic aspects more than the melodic ones, and the left hand more than the right one, brings more benefits to the piano SR performance; b) isolated SR strategies has little effect on students development; c) using a hybrid curriculum matrix with three or more significant predictors seems to be the most appropriate way to develop a SR competency.
Este artigo apresenta uma análise dos métodos de leitura à primeira vista ao piano elaborados por nove autores significativos da pedagogia do piano. A leitura à primeira vista é uma competência específica que requer alto desempenho cognitivo e físico. Para seu pleno desenvolvimento, a leitura à primeira vista exige de pianistas uma prática específica que envolve a integração de uma infinidade de aspectos. Alguns desses aspectos são temas da análise que o artigo oferece, tais como: leitura de notas, técnica, treinamento rítmico, repertório, dentre outros. Conclui-se que a aquisição de uma competência em leitura à primeira vista não é alcançada apenas com o estudo do instrumento ou com a execução de obras pianísticas, mas requer uma pedagogia especializada para o seu pleno desenvolvimento.
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