This chapter gives an overview of probe-based data storage research over the last three decades, encompassing all aspects of a probe recording system. Following the division found in all mechanically addressed storage systems, the different subsystems (media, read/write heads, positioning, data channel, and file system) will be discussed. In the media subsection various recording media will be treated, such as polymer based, phase change, ferroelectric and magnetic. In the probe array subsection various generations of thermal probes will be discussed, as well as examples of alternative write probes using currents, electric or magnetic fields, and different principles for data detection. Special attention is paid to parallel readout of probe arrays. In the positioning section, examples will be shown of electric and magnetic scanners, either precision engineered or realized by micromachining technologies, or combinations thereof. In the systems subsection the data channel will be discussed, including the read/write electronics circuitry, data detection, and coding algorithms. Special attention is paid to the writing strategy and considerations for probe-based storage file systems.
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