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This manuscript analyzes and discusses viewpoints concerning the renaturalization of floodplains as an instrument of management in large catchments, using natural flood defense schemes. Schemes consider the differentiated supply of ecosystemic services based on river channel/floodplain interactions. Conventional structural methods used to prevent flooding (e.g., longitudinal dikes) are increasingly showing themselves to be less efficient with regard to advances in the problems of environmental management of the territory, especially when combined with extreme events, where the importance of perfecting strategies for harmonizing duly controlled floodable areas and water retention can be seen. Natural flood risk reduction measures are part of a holistic solution for sustainable management of flood risk, conservation of nature, water quality and green economy. They rely upon the inherent ability of floodplains to retain water in the basin, and this can delay and reduce peak flows.

The catchment basin of the Dois Rios River (R2R) (3159 km2) unites the climatic and environmental effects typical of areas located on the leeward side of mountain chains. It has a deficient water balance, with sparse and very specific wet areas. This study identifies delimitation areas, and characterizes and groups those basins and floodplains which show the greatest capacity for producing ecosystemic services related to maintaining the continuity of water resources in the R2R basin. Locations with higher pluviometric indices (1500 to 2800 mm/year) were selected and grouped into micro basins with the highest potential for capturing rainfall due to their being on the leeward side of the mountains in the region (with their slopes oriented to permit them to capture humidity and concave plane curvature). The 42 basins formed 4 groups, from which the 17 micro basins with the highest probability of providing ecosystemic services were chosen, belonging to Groups III and IV. Within these groups, the 498 floodplains with the highest potential for offering ecosystemic services (Group D) present the greatest capacity for water retention and sustainable effects (high average circularity index, higher altitudes and low occupation rates). The correct use of 0.0006% of the basin can guarantee the direct flow of the drainage for the entire basin. This strategy only requires renaturation measures, discipline with regard to the land uses and strict observance of the processes which generate ecosystemic services in the floodplains of these basins, resulting in relevant socio-environmental benefits for all socioeconomic segments within the R2R basin.

ResumoFoi avaliada a frequência de infestação por larvas de Dermatobia hominis em bovinos leiteiros, investigando-se a existência de correlação entre a incidência do berne e os fatores climáticos (temperatura, umidade relativa e precipitação pluviométrica) com a sua distribuição na superfície corporal dos animais. Foram selecionadas duas áreas localizadas na região Sudeste do Brasil: Área 1: clima subtropical/tropical de altitude (Cwa); Área 2: clima tropical (Aw). As observações foram realizadas no período de maio a dezembro de 2013. Em cada propriedade foram examinados dez animais em coletas de campo quinzenais para o levantamento do número de nódulos de berne. Foram registrados nódulos durante todos os meses de coleta. A Área 1 apresentou média de 12,94 bernes/mês, e a Área 2, 7,58 bernes/ mês. Na Área 2, não foi constatada a existência de correlação entre o número de bernes e as variáveis climáticas (p > 0,05). Na Área 1, houve correlação entre o número médio de bernes com a temperatura (p = 0,011) e a precipitação (p = 0,034). Esses fatores climáticos, relacionados às características edáficas, influenciam a penetração das larvas L3 e o período pupal. O maior número de nódulos foi encontrado na região anterior inferior, seguida pela região anterior superior do corpo dos animais, regiões nobres que compõe a parte industrializável da pele do animal e que representam a maior causa de prejuízo econômico.Palavras-chave: Dinâmica populacional. Dermatobia hominis. Dermatobiose. AbstractDermatobia hominis infestation in dairy cattle was investigated, searching for the existence of correlations between the incidence of botfly and climatic factors (temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall) and its distribution on the animal body surface. Two geographical areas located in the southeast region of Brazil were selected. Area 1-tropical and sub-tropical climate of altitude (Cwa); Area-2 tropical climate (Aw). During the period from May to December 2013, 10 animals were selected in each area and biweekly field collections were carried out for quantification of the average number of larvae in the herd. Larval nodes were registered during every month of the survey. Area 1 had an average of 12.94 larvae/month and Area 2 an average of -7.58 larvae/month. No correlation between the number of larvae and the climatic variables (p > 0.05) was found in Area 2. A positive correlation between the average number of larvae and the temperature (p = 0.011) and precipitation (p = 0.034) was found in Area 1. These climatic factors are related to soil characteristics, influencing the penetration of L3 larvae and the pupal period. The greatest number of nodules was found in the anterior inferior region, followed by the anterior superior region of the animal body. The infestation in these regions deserves a special emphasis because these are the regions comprising the part of the animals' hides which can be industrialized, and thus represent the largest cause of economic losses.Keywords: Population dynamics. Dermatobia hominis. Botfly. Fr...

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