Sickle cell anemia is determined by the presence of S hemoglobin in homozygous, autosomal recessive and characterized by the presence of red cells with abnormal shape (sickle shape). The clinical manifestations may vary from one individual to another, and it may appear in the first year of the patient's life, which emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis as the main measure of positive effect in the care of people with the disease. The aim of this study was to conduct a review of the literature on oral alterations of dental surgeon's interest in patients with sickle cell anemia. The search for the key words "sickle cell anemia" and "oral manifestations" was carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online database (SciELO), linked to the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The oral manifestations described in the literature were: paleness of the oral mucosa, smooth, bleached and despapilated tongue or jaundice, delays in dental eruption, periodontal disease, hypo mineralization of the enamel, pulp calcifications, hypercementose, aseptic pulp necrosis, mandibular nerve neuropathy, osteomyelitis and orofacial pain. People with the disease may also exhibit mouth ulcers, particularly in the gums. Anemia causes a high degree of suffering for patients, who deserve special attention from all the multiprofessional team that attends them. Therefore, it is important that the dental surgeon understands and knows the symptoms of the disease, as well as its implications for oral health, as well as the best treatment. The adoption of constant care, with prevention measures in oral care and health, is important to inhibit the occurrence of dental infections. ResumoA anemia falciforme é determinada pela presença da hemoglobina S em homozigose, de caráter autossômico recessivo e caracterizada pela presença de células vermelhas com formato anormal (forma de foice). As manifestações clínicas variam de acordo com o indivíduo e ao longo do percurso da doença, pois pode surgir no primeiro ano de vida do paciente, o que enfatiza a importância do diagnóstico precoce como principal medida de efeito positivo na assistência às pessoas com a doença. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as alterações bucais de interesse do cirurgião-dentista em pacientes com anemia falciforme. A busca pelas palavras chaves "anemia falciforme" e "manifestações bucais" foi realizada na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online -SciELO, vinculada à Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde -BVS. As manifestações bucais descritas na literatura foram: palidez da mucosa oral, língua lisa, descorada e despapilada ou icterícia, atrasos na erupção dentária, doença periodontal, hipomineralização do esmalte, calcificações pulpares, hipercementose, necrose pulpar asséptica, neuropatia do nervo mandibular, osteomielite e dor orofacial. Os portadores também podem exibir úlceras bucais, particularmente na gengiva. A anemia provoca alto grau de sofrimento aos pacientes que merecem atenção especial de toda a equipe multiprofissional que os ...