Ureases are abundant in plants, bacteria, and in the soil, but their role in signaling between soybean and soil microorganisms has not been investigated. The bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum forms nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean roots. Here, we evaluated the role(s) of ureases in the process of soybean nodulation. Chemotaxis assays demonstrated that soybean and jack bean ureases were more chemotactic toward bacterial cells than the corresponding plant lectins. The eu1-a,eu4 soybean, deficient in urease isoforms, formed fewer but larger nodules than the wild-type, regardless of the bacterial urease phenotype. Leghemoglobin production in wild-type plants was higher and peaked earlier than in urease-deficient plants. Inhibition of urease activity in wild-type plants did not result in the alterations seen in mutated plants. We conclude that soybean urease(s) play(s) a role in the soybean-B. japonicum symbiosis, which is independent of its ureolytic activity. Bacterial urease does not play a role in nodulation.
Streptomyces sp. R18(6) and Streptomyces sp. 6(4) strains were evaluated for their ability to control brown spot and common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana in wheat crops. The antifungal activity of these isolates was tested using a double-layer assay and culture pairing at 28 °C. Physiological and enzymatic activity performed through siderophore, indole-3-acetic acid, nitrogen fixation and phosphate solubilization tests. The biocontrol of the disease and growth-promoting efficiency of wheat seedlings were assessed using in vivo assays in a greenhouse. In the culture pairing assays, both strains inhibited B. sorokiniana mycelial growth, while in the double-layer only Streptomyces sp. R18(6). Streptomyces sp. 6(4) produced auxin, siderophores, fixed nitrogen and solubilized phosphate, whereas R18(6) did not produce siderophores. In the greenhouse assays, strain R18(6) showed statistical differences in shoot dry mass and root dry mass compared with those of strain 6(4) in the presence of the phytopathogen (P ≤ 0.05), and these results were more evident when the environmental temperature was higher. In the absence of the phytopathogen, Streptomyces sp. 6(4) strain increased the root dry mass compared with that of the control during the same period. Therefore, these isolates can potentially control root rot and brown spotting and may promote the growth of wheat plants.
The draft genome sequence of Streptomyces fildesensis strain INACH3013, a psychrotrophic bacterium isolated from Northwest Antarctic soil, was reported. The genome sequence totaling 9,306,785 bp resulted from 122 contigs characterized by a GC content of 70.55%.
We have sequenced the whole genome of
Streptomyces
sp. 6(4) isolated from tomato roots that presents antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, mainly Bipolaris sorokiniana. The genome has almost 7 Mb and 3368 hypothetical proteins that were analysed and characterized in Uniprot with the emphasis on biological compounds. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analyses were performed in an effort to characterize and identify this isolate, resulting in a new sequence type (ST), classified as ST64. Phenetic and phylogenetic trees were constructed to investigate
Streptomyces
sp. 6(4) evolution and sequence similarity, and the isolate is a strain closer to
Streptomyces prasinus
and
Streptomyces viridosporus
. It is known that the genus
Streptomyces
possess huge metabolic capacity with the presence of cryptic genes. These genes are usually present in clusters, which are responsible for the production of diverse natural products, mainly antibiotics. In addition, 6(4) showed 11 biosynthetic gene clusters through antiSMASH, including 3 polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) type clusters.
We have sequenced the whole genome of Streptomyces sp. 6(4) isolated from tomato roots that presents antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, mainly against Bipolaris sorokiniana . The genome has almost 7 Mb and 3,368 hypothetical proteins that were analyzed and characterized in Uniprot with emphasize in biological compounds. MLST analysis were performed in effort to characterize and identify this isolate, resulting in a new ST, classified as ST64. Phenetic and phylogenetic trees were constructed to investigate Streptomyces sp. 6(4) evolution and sequence similarity, and the isolate is a strain closer to Streptomyces prasinus and Streptomyces viridosporus . It is known that Streptomyces genera comprises a huge metabolism capacity with the presence of cryptic genes. These genes are usually present in clusters who are responsible for production of a high diversity of natural products, mainly antibiotics. In addition, 6(4) showed 11 biosynthetic gene cluster through antiSMASH, including 3 clusters PKS and NRPS type.
We have sequenced the whole genome of Streptomyces sp. 6(4) isolated from tomato roots that presents antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi, mainly against Bipolaris sorokiniana . The genome has almost 7 Mb and 3,368 hypothetical proteins that were analyzed and characterized in Uniprot with emphasize in biological compounds. MLST analysis were performed in effort to characterize and identify this isolate, resulting in a new ST, classified as ST64. Phenetic and phylogenetic trees were constructed to investigate Streptomyces sp. 6(4) evolution and sequence similarity, and the isolate is a strain closer to Streptomyces prasinus and Streptomyces viridosporus . It is known that Streptomyces genera comprises a huge metabolism capacity with the presence of cryptic genes. These genes are usually present in clusters who are responsible for production of a high diversity of natural products, mainly antibiotics. In addition, 6(4) showed 11 biosynthetic gene cluster through antiSMASH, including 3 clusters PKS and NRPS type.
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