In the Netherlands, with its remarkably high disability rates, a new phenomenon seems to be emerging. Growing disability rates in the past few years have been exclusively caused by the growing inflow of women into the disability schemes.Comparing the Dutch situation internationally shows that roughly the same problem seems to exist in those countries in which there is a more general problem of large inflow into disability. Women are overrepresented in these arrangements. The Dutch literature shows that there are many factors (both work-and non-work-related) that contribute to a larger push of women towards disability. We conclude that the benefit system can be seen as a sort of "filter". If the filter is weak, many persons will enter disability. If the pressure on women to enter is larger (or the forces to stop women from entering disability smaller), then inflow risks for women will be higher.D is abil ity has been an is sue of grow ing con cern for policymakers in many coun tries. High dis abil ity rates do not just cause a fi nan cial bur den. They also pose a so cial and la bour mar ket prob lem. In the com ing de cades the age ing of the pop u la tion will make this prob lem even more prom i nent. Not only is the num ber of per sons over pen sion able age in creas ing rap idly. The la bour force it self is be com ing older. As the risk of be com ing dis abled in creases with age, the dis abil ity prob lem will un doubt edly gain in importance. Many in di vid ual coun tries as well as the Eu ro pean Un ion have © In ter na tional So cial Se cu rity As so ci a tion, 2005In ter na tional So cial Se cu rity Re view, Vol. 58, 1/2005 Pub lished by Blackwell Pub lish ing 65The au thors work at the Min is try of So cial Af fairs and Em ploy ment in the Neth er lands. The con tent is ex clu sively the re spon si bil ity of the au thors and does not nec es sar ily re flect the views of the Min is try. Only lit er a ture which is spe cif i cally dis cussed in this ar ti cle is listed in the bib li og ra phy. A full list of ref er ences is avail able from the au thors.
This paper contains a first analysis of trends in private social benefits within a comparative framework. There is growing interest in the role of the private sector in the provision of social support in the light of concerns about the high level of public social spending. However, up to now, methodological and measurement problems have hampered the collection of cross-country data on private social benefits. The paper develops an appropriate methodological framework for treating this issue. It presents data on private social benefits for six countries for which such data are currently available: Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. Information on trends in public and private social expenditure is drawn together and the pape discusses in more detail spending patterns in two social policy areas where private provision plays an important role: pensions and health. Finally, the impact of the tax system is analysed, and for one year ... Cette étude fournit une première analyse des tendances de dépense sociale à caractère privé dans un cadre comparatif. Il existe un intérêt grandissant pour le rôle du secteur privé dans la fourniture d’un soutien social compte tenu du niveau élevé des dépenses sociales publiques. Toutefois, jusqu’à présent les problèmes de mesure et de méthodologie ont gêné la collecte des données internationales sur les dépenses sociales privées. Ce document présente un cadre méthodologique approprié pour traiter ce sujet. Il donne des données sur les prestations sociales privées pour six pays pour lesquels de telles données sont actuellement disponibles : Allemagne, Danemark, Etats-Unis, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, et Suède. Ce document fournit des informations sur les tendances des dépenses sociales privées et publiques. Il permet en outre d’examiner en détail les typologies de dépenses dans les deux domaines où la prestation privée joue un rôle important : pensions et santé. Enfin, l’incidence du système ...
Ministry of Social Affairs and Employment, NetherlandsSocial security needs to be reformed to make it sustainable. We argue that it is necessary to consider not only system characteristics (such as the level and duration of benefits, insured population), but also the division of responsibilities.Social security is not solely a state matter; firms, trade unions, industrial sectors and the individual play a role as well. As social risks are to some extent endogenous, insurance ought to be taken care of at the level at which the risk can be most directly influenced in order to improve efficiency. This may partly take place within the public system, for example through risk rating. Alternatives would include shifting from collective to more individual arrangements, prominent examples being multipillar systems and savings accounts. Multipillar systems mainly imply a new division of responsibilities, taking the endogeneity of social risks and the implications of modern life cycles into account. At the same time they offer more individual choice. Savings accounts reduce moral hazard without affecting individual choice. Either way, in reforming social security a balance needs to be found between competing goals or principles: between equity and efficiency, between solidarity and freedom of choice, between the risks of moral hazard and adverse selection. This choice is difficult because social security is not only about "security". It is an important part of the way we organize our society and embodies many of society's values. © In ter na tional So cial Se cu rity As so ci a tion, 2004 25The con tent of this ar ti cle is ex clu sively the re spon si bil ity of the au thors and does not nec es sarily re flect the views of the Min is try of So cial Af fairs and Em ploy ment.© In ter na tional So cial Se cu rity As so ci a tion, 2004Mod ern iz ing so cial se cu rity: Chang ing re spon si bil i ties and in di vid ual choice
In this article we analyse the dynamics of the welfare state, focusing on the Netherlands and Sweden. The basic question is whether the different social systems of these countries result in differences in persistency of benefit dependency. We conclude that although benefit dependency at a macroeconomic level is more or less the same, patterns of mobility of individuals between benefits and jobs are different. These different patterns are partly explained by overrepresentation of benefits with a high degree of persistency in the Netherlands. This overrepresentation is, however, not sufficient to account for the large differences observed in dynamics. Characteristics of the welfare state account for that.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.