There are about 80 000 Community Water Boards (CWB) operating in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), showing that community management is an alternative to supply water and sanitation services, primarily in rural areas. In Mexico, this form of management is latent but has not been subject to a consolidated recognition. The descriptive documentary research analyzes community management models applied in LAC countries according to the categories described in the Triple-S Model (Sustainable Services at Scale), to interpret its structure according to the particularities of the different levels of government (local, regional and national) it is concluded with challenges and opportunities of a federal state, such as Mexico, for the implementation of community water management.Keywords: community water management in Latin America and the Caribbean, community water management in Mexico, community water management models Community-based Water Management and SanitationCommunity management of natural resources is the main object of study under the theory of communal resources or "commons" (Ostrom, 1990;Hess, 2008) and it is justified by the need to manage common property of a population subject to an action collective (Ostrom, 1990;Ray, 2014). Moreover, the interactions for collective action amongst stakeholders and the surrounding environment have been studied under an analytical framework called Social -Ecological Systems (SES) (Ostrom, 2009;Poteete, Janssen, & Ostrom, 2010); and Community-based management of water also has been analyzed as a management phenomenon described by authors such as Shaw and Thaitakoo (2010), Aguilar (2011) and the OECD (2013), among others. As an emergent www.ccsenet.org/jsd
This is a review paper which describes "Burnout", its concept evolution, Burnout models, which is divided into two types: comprehensive models and process models, identification of varying quantification instruments and application area, it is also analysed, described, and discussed the models and instruments weaknesses. Finally is described the research made in Mexico. The main finding of the paper is that burnout is contingent with the environment and a phenomenon is important and the empirical evidence is too strong for to consider as occupational disease in the design of public policies to face the problem.
From a comprehensive review of the state of the art about mobbing, the models used on its quantification were identified. The data analysis concluded that there is a variety within variables used to measure the phenomenon; it stands out that none of them considers the emotional intelligence variable, nor the models' little gender orientation in organizations, particularly in public higher education institutions, despite being a notorious sector with a high rate incidence of the phenomenon. A diagnosis was made at Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) Higher Education Institutions (HEI) which revealed that there are some variables that could be mobbing causes. The research field analysis allows proposing a theoretical model about mobbing among IPN civil servant women. This is a descriptive-explanatory research. This model integrates emotional intelligence and victims' and bullies' personality as determining variables. 196Contaduría y Administración 59 (1), enero-marzo 2014: 195-228Modelo teórico de cuantificación de mobbing para mujeres ejecutivas en una institución educativa pública de nivel superior en México Resumen A partir de una revisión sobre el estado del arte en mobbing se identificaron los modelos utilizados en su cuantificación. El análisis de la información concluyó que existe una diversidad en las variables utilizadas en la medición del fenómeno, matizando que ningún modelo considera la variable de inteligencia emocional, ni la poca orientación de los modelos hacia la perspectiva de género en organizaciones y particularmente en instituciones de educación superior pública, a pesar de ser un sector señalado con un índice alto de incidencia del fenómeno. Fue realizado un diagnóstico en el Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN) en sus Instituciones de Enseñanza Superior (IES) que reveló que existen variables que podrían ser causas de mobbing. El análisis de la investigación sobre el campo permite proponer un modelo teórico sobre mobbing para mujeres funcionarias del IPN. Esta investigación es descriptiva-explicativa. Este modelo integra la inteligencia emocional y la personalidad de las víctimas y acosadores como variables determinantes.
The paradigm of bus rapid transit as a mean of public transportation has been studied from different perspectives by renowned international researchers and, although there is a consensus in its implementation because of the operational institutional traditional structures toward a public-private participation scheme,there is few specialized literature that analyzes these institutional aspects: the actors involved, the new system organization and the legal norms of the new transport system. This research through study cases is aimed to compare institutional aspects between the Leon Guanajuato’s Optibus, the Mexico’s City Metrobus and the State’s of Mexico Mexibus, which represents the bus rapid transit systems implementation, in order to identify in each of them the actors involved, their stockholders and contractual options, the organization and the legal framework that provides certainty to the systems’ institutional scheme. 
<p>Los auditores gubernamentales en México enfrentan agotadoras cargas de trabajo que más allá del cansancio físico y emocional, los predispone a ocasionarles problemas psicosociales como es el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT-<em>Burnout</em>), entre otros. No obstante, para esta profesión, el <em>burnout</em> no ha sido estudiado con profundidad como lo ha sido para algunas otras (especialmente aquellas que pertenecen al sector educativo y de la salud) y aún menos desde la perspectiva diferenciada por la variable género. El estudio cuantitativo con carácter no generalizable implicó aplicar el <em>Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey</em> (MBI-GS) a 557 auditores del ámbito federal y subnacional, instrumento basado en el modelo tridimensional de Maslach y Jackson que considera agotamiento emocional, sentimientos de cinismo y desapego con el trabajo y sensación de ineficacia profesional y falta de logro, la literatura especializada ha demostrado que no se trata únicamente de un fenómeno contingente. Para contrastar la hipótesis planteada Ho: las distribuciones de <em>burnout</em> entre hombres y mujeres son iguales, a través del método U de Mann-Whitney. Se concluye que en los auditores gubernamentales es mayor el <em>burnout</em> en las mujeres que en los hombres. </p>
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