ABSTRACT Alpinia galanga (L.) Sw or galangal is widely used by Indonesian people as a spice in cooking. The content of catechins and 1-acetoxicavicol acetate in the extract is known to have antioxidant activity. The ability of these antioxidants needs to be applied to pharmaceutical dosage forms to improve aesthetics and ease of use. One of the topical drug delivery systems that is in accordance with the needs of the community today is the preparation of peel-off gel mask. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in PVA gelling agent concentration as a mask base on the physical characteristics of galangal extract peel-off gel masks. Three mask formulations were made based on variations in the concentration of PVA in the range of 5% -15%. The physical characterization of the preparations included organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, adhesion, dispersion, and drying time. Homogeneity and organoleptic parameters were analyzed descriptively. The parameters of viscosity, drying time, pH, spreadability, and adhesion were analyzed statistically using Anova Single Factor with a confidence level of 95%. The results showed that the F1 and F2 formulas with PVA concentrations of 10% and 12.5% were the optimum formulas as a mask base. Based on statistical tests, variations in the concentration of PVA significantly influence the parameters of mask adhesion with a p-value of 0.0001 (
Penelitian ini berupaya untuk mengetahui sejauh mana perbedaan hasil belajar Fisika yang dalam pembelajarannya menerapkan metode Snowball Throwing dan metode Talking Stick di SMA Negeri 1 Belitang. Adapun Populasi dalam penelitian ini meliputi seluruh siswa kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Belitang OKU Timur. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini dengan cara acak. Kelas yang terpilih akan digunakan sebagai kelas eksperimen I dan kelas eksperimen II. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang dggunakan yakni tes, sedangkan untuk menguji hipotesis menggunakan uji-z. Sesuai dengan pengolahan data yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen I sebesar 82,00 dan nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen II sebesar 69,33. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbandingan hasil belajar Fisika yang signifikan antara siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan metode Snowball Throwing dengan metode pembelajaran Talking Stick pada materi Gerak Lurus kelas X di SMA Negeri 1 Belitang, sebab nilai Zhit = 7,08 tidak terletak antara -1,96 dan 1,96, sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima.
Pasteurisasi merupakan salah satu proses penting pada industri olahan susu untuk membunuh mikroorganisme patogen. Proses pasteurisasi di industri dengan skala relatif besar biasanya menggunakan heat exchanger (HE), dilakukan secara kontinyu dengan metode Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT) pada 72℃ selama 30 menit dan High Temperature Short Time (HTST) pada 72℃ selama 15 detik. Efisiensi utilitas, perawatan mudah, higienis, serta koefisien perpindahan panas lebih tinggi dibanding jenis HE yang lain, menjadikan plate heat exchanger (PHE) dengan sistem HTST sebagai alternatif metode pasteurisasi susu yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merancang PHE dengan metode HTST untuk pasteurisasi dengan laju alir masuk 1.000 kg susu /jam. Metode perancangan PHE dilakukan dengan menentukan laju aliran susu masuk, suhu masuk dan keluar serta kondisi properti aliran susu dingin dan panas. Flow arrangement, number of passes dan karakteristik pelat ditentukan terlebih dahulu untuk membantu perhitungan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, diperoleh spesifikasi rancangan yang cocok digunakan untuk pasteurisasi susu skala industri yaitu dimensi panjang x lebar pelat sebesar 0,68 m x 0,4 m, tebal pelat 0,005 m, serta jumlah pelat pada masing-masing bagian cooling, regenerating, dan heating, yaitu 33, 118, 231, membutuhkan 52,04 kg/jam air panas bersuhu 85 0 C, dan tidak membutuhkan air pendingin dari unit utilitas.
Adolescents often experience dysmenorrhea during menstruation. One of the non- pharmacological methods implemented to reduce dysmenorrhea is Abdominal Stretching Exercise accompanied by classical music. The purpose of this study was to describe the implementation of Abdominal Stretching Exercise accompanied by classical music in reducing dysmenorrhea. This research was a case study with two adolescents experiencing dysmenorrhea as the participants. The instrument being used was a pain measurement observation sheet with the Numerical Pain Intensity Scale. The intervention given to the participants was the implementation of Abdominal Stretching Exercise accompanied by classical music for 10-15 minutes on the first and second days of dysmenorrhea. The result showed that the pain scale before and after the intervention in case 1 decreased from 5 to 0, and in case 2, it decreased from 7 to 1. In conclusion, the implementation of Abdominal Stretching Exercise accompanied by classical: music could reduce dysmenorrhea in adolescents. It is recommended that health workers can teach and implement Abdominal Stretching Exercises accompanied by classical music in reducing dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Keywords: Dysmenorrhea; Abdominal Stretching Exercise; classical music; teenagers AbstrakRemaja seringkali mengalami dismenore saat menstruasi. Cara non farmakologis yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan nyeri dismenore salah satunya adalah terapi abdominal stretching exercise yang diiringi musik klasik. Tujuan karya tulis ilmiah ini untuk menggambarkan penerapan abdominal stretching exercise yang diiringi musik klasik dalam menurunkan dismenore. Desain karya tulis ilmiah ini berupa studi kasus pada dua remaja yang mengalami dismenore. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi pengukuran nyeri menggunakan Numerik Pain Intensity Scale. Intervensi dengan menerapkan abdominal stretching exercise yang diiringi musik klasik selama 10-15 menit dilakukankan saat dismenore pada hari pertama dan kedua. Hasil menunjukkan sebelum intervensi skala nyeri pada kasus 1 yaitu 5 pada kasus 2 yaitu 7. Setelah intervensi skala nyeri pada kasus 1 yaitu 0 pada kasus 2 yaitu 1. Simpulan studi kasus adalah penerapan abdominal stretching exercise yang diiringi musik klasik dapat menurunkan dismenore pada remaja. Bagi petugas kesehatan disarankan dapat mengajarkan dan menerapkan abdominal stretching exercise yang diiringi musik klasik dalam menurunkan dismenore pada remaja. Kata kunci: Dismenore; Abdominal stretching exercise; Musik klasik; Remaja
This study examines language errors in the circular letter for micro-based PPKM extension and optimizes the Covid-19 handling post at the village/sub-district level in Sukoharjo district . The data collection process was carried out by using descriptive analytical methods. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms of language errors in writing circular letters. The result of this analysis can be concluded that there were language errors in writing of the circular letter. In the circular, there are 4 errors, namely 1) syntax errors, 2) semantic errors, 3) diction errors, and 4) spelling errors. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that the tendency for language errors is in the spelling field. Language errors in this research are predominantly language errors at the level of spelling of the writing in this circular.
The purpose of this study is first, providing empirical evidence of the effect of Auditor Professionalism on Materiality Level Considerations. Second, provide empirical evidence of the effect of audit quality on materiality level considerations. Third, provide empirical evidence of the Effects of Auditor Experience on Materiality Level Considerations. This study uses a quantitative approach with research respondents, namely auditors who work in public acconting office in Malang city. Data collection techniques using questionnarie instruments. The analytical tool used is multiple regression. The results of the study show that: 1) Auditor Professionalism (X1) has a significant effect on the Materiality Level Consideration, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.002; 2) Audit Quality (X2) has a significant influence on Level Considerations Materiality, which is indicated by a sig value of 0.026; 3) and Experience Auditors (X3) have a significant influence on consideration Materiality level, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.047. Keywords: Professionalism, Audit Quality, Auditor Experience, Materiality Level, Financial Report
Abstract- Halal industry has excellent potential to be developed in Indonesia. This potential can be seen from the participation of Muslim populations in Indonesia. Despite having the largest Muslim community in Indonesia, it still lags in the halal industry's development, including in the halal cosmetics sector. This study was conducted to find out how religiosity and students' knowledge in influencing the intention to buy halal Cosmetics. This study involved 150 meetings domiciled in the district of Magelang. The data analysis used is SEM-PLS analysis using SmartPLS. This study proves that religiosity and knowledge have a significant effect on the purchase intention of halal cosmetics. Keywords: Religiosity, Knowledge, Purchase Intentions and Halal Cosmetics
The purpose of this study is first, providing empirical evidence of the effect of Auditor Professionalism on Materiality Level Considerations. Second, provide empirical evidence of the effect of audit quality on materiality level considerations. Third, provide empirical evidence of the Effects of Auditor Experience on Materiality Level Considerations. This study uses a quantitative approach with research respondents, namely auditors who work in public acconting office in Malang city. Data collection techniques using questionnarie instruments. The analytical tool used is multiple regression. The results of the study show that: 1) Auditor Professionalism (X1) has a significant effect on the Materiality Level Consideration, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.002; 2) Audit Quality (X2) has a significant influence on Level Considerations Materiality, which is indicated by a sig value of 0.026; 3) and Experience Auditors (X3) have a significant influence on consideration Materiality level, which is indicated by the sig value of 0.047. Keywords: Professionalism, Audit Quality, Auditor Experience, Materiality Level, Financial Report
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