The Large Hadron–Electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy-recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron–proton and proton–proton operations. This report represents an update to the LHeC’s conceptual design report (CDR), published in 2012. It comprises new results on the parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, and electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics by extending the accessible kinematic range of lepton–nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to its enhanced luminosity and large energy and the cleanliness of the final hadronic states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, this report contains a detailed updated design for the energy-recovery electron linac (ERL), including a new lattice, magnet and superconducting radio-frequency technology, and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described, and the lower-energy, high-current, three-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented, which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution, and calibration goals that arise from the Higgs and parton-density-function physics programmes. This paper also presents novel results for the Future Circular Collider in electron–hadron (FCC-eh) mode, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies.

The J/ψ + Z 0 associated production at the LHC is an important process in investigating the color-octet mechanism of non-relativistic QCD in describing the processes involving heavy quarkonium. We calculate the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to the J/ψ + Z 0 associated production at the LHC within the factorization formalism of nonrelativistic QCD, and provide the theoretical predictions for the distribution of the J/ψ transverse momentum. Our results show that the differential cross section at the leading-order is significantly enhanced by the NLO QCD corrections. We conclude that the LHC has the potential to verify the color-octet mechanism by measuring the J/ψ + Z 0 production events.

We calculate the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to the J/ψ + W production at the LHC, and provide the theoretical distribution of the J/ψ transverse momentum. Our results show that the differential cross section dσ d p J/ψ T at the LO is significantly enhanced by the NLO QCD corrections. We believe that the comparison between the theoretical predictions for the J/ψ + W production and the experimental data at the LHC can provide a verification for the colour-octet mechanism of non-relativistic QCD in the description of the processes involving heavy quarkonium. PACS numbers: 12.38.Bx, 12.39.St, 13.60.Le The study of heavy quarkonium is one of the most interesting subjects in both theoretical and experimental physics, which offers a good ground for investigating Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in both perturbative and non-perturbative regimes. The factorization formalism of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) [1] provides a rigorous theoretical framework to describe the heavy-quarkonium production and decay by separating the transition rate (production cross section or decay rate) into two parts, the short-distance part which can be expanded as a power series in α s and calculated perturbatively, and the long-distance matrix elements (LDMEs) which can be extracted from experiments. The importance of the LDMEs can be estimated by using velocity scaling rules [2]. A crucial feature of the NRQCD is that the complete structure of the quarkonium Fock space has been explicitly considered.By introducing the color-octet mechanism (COM), the NRQCD has successfully absorbed the infrared divergences in P-wave [1,3,4] and D-wave [5,6] decay widths of heavy quarkonium, which can not be handled in the color-singlet mechanism (CSM). The COM can successfully reconcile the orders of magnitude of the discrepancies between the experimental data of J/ψ production at the Tevatron [7] and the CSM theoretical predictions, even if they have been calculated up to the NLO. The DELPHI data also favor the NRQCD COM predictions for the γγ → J/ψ + X process [8,9]. Similarly the recent experimental data on the J/ψ photoproduction of H1 [10] are fairly well described by the complete NLO NRQCD corrections [11], and give a strong support to the existence of the COM. However, the observed cross sections for the double charmonium production at B factories [12] also conflict with the NRQCD predictions. Therefore, the existence of the COM is still under doubt and far from being proven. The further tests for the CSM and COM under the NRQCD in heavy quarkonium production are still needed.In order to test the COM, it is an urgent task to study the processes which significantly depend on the production mechanism. The J/ψ production associated with a W boson at the LHC, pp → J/ψ + W + X , can serve as a such kind of process [19]. For this process, only the 3 S 1 color-octet (the cc[ 3 S J ] (J = 0, 1, 2), but no color-singlet contribution exists in the pp → J/ψ + W + X process. Therefore, the J/ψ + W production at the LHC is an ideal ground to study t...

Micelle-to-vesicle morphological transition has been achieved by light-induced rapid hydrophilic arm detachment from a star polymer. This provides a remote and clean method to control morphology transition of polymeric assemblies.

The Inert Doublet Model (IDM) is one of the many beyond Standard Model scenarios with an extended scalar sector, which provide a suitable dark matter particle candidate. Dark matter associated visible particle production at high energy colliders provides a unique way to determine the microscopic properties of the dark matter particle. In this paper, we investigate that the mono-W + missing transverse energy production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where W boson decay to a lepton and a neutrino. We perform the analysis for the signal of mono-W production in the IDM and the Standard Model (SM) backgrounds, and the optimized criteria employing suitable cuts are chosen in kinematic variables to maximize signal significance. We also investigate the discovery potential in several benchmark scenarios at the 14 TeV LHC. When the light Z2 odd scalar higgs of mass is about 65 GeV, charged Higgs is in the mass range from 120 GeV to 250 GeV, it provides the best possibility with a signal significance of about 3σ at an integrated luminosity of about 3000 fb−1.