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This paper proposes an instrument to assess social entrepreneurship competency in higher education (SECS). 19 Features of social entrepreneurship competency were identified. The pilot test (n = 497) confirmed the validity and reliability of the SECS. Exploratory factor analysis proposed a set of categories consistent with the initial approach. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable relationships among the scale categories and items, while the fit indices suggested that the data fit adequately to the default model. Pearson's test verified significant, positive correlations among the revised categories in all cases. Therefore, the scale carries the potential to contribute to social entrepreneurship research.

resumen Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación original desarrollada con alumnado de la asignatura Juegos motrices del

The addition of organo-modified silica particles (OSP) to organic monolayer coatings has been investigated as an alternative to the use of primers or surface pretreatments in galvanised steel substrates. A commercial additive consisting of trifunctional organosilane (alkyl-triethoxysilane) grafted on silica particles was directly incorporated at different concentrations (1, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 wt%) as an integral additive in a polyester powder coating. The OSP were characterised physicochemically by means of FTIR and TGA, and the coating formulated by DSC. The anticorrosive properties of the systems were evaluated by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), showing improvements with all the formulations containing the OSP, especially in the coating with 2.5% OSP. In order to explain this behaviour, morphological (using SEM) and adhesion studies were done. The formation of agglomerates in the powder coatings was detected when the concentration was over 2.5%. There was an improvement in the adhesion of the coating to the substrate for all the samples containing the OSP but especially for that containing 2.5%. The impact resistance was increased too, especially in the formulations with 2.5% and 3.5%.

The effect of the addition of two anticorrosive phosphate pigments, standard zinc phosphate and modified zinc phosphate (zinc molybdenum phosphate modified with a surface treatment) on the corrosion protection of an alkyd coating on steel, has been investigated by means of a traditional accelerated test (salt fog spray test) and an electrochemical technique (accelerated cyclic electrochemical technique). Solvent-based alkyd coatings based on phenolic modified resins were formulated with different anticorrosive pigment concentrations (3%, 4.5% and 6%, expressed as anticorrosive pigment volume concentration in dry film volume, PVC) and finally characterised. An improvement in the anticorrosive properties is obtained with the addition of both pigments, the coatings formulated with modified zinc phosphate having better performance. Both techniques showed results that can be correlated.

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The effect of the addition of the zinc molybdenum phosphate pigment, on the corrosion resistance properties of powder coating on steel, has been investigated by means of different electrochemical methods: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the accelerated cyclic electrochemical technique (ACET). Anticorrosive properties obtained from both techniques showed similar results.