Resumen Este artículo analiza el despliegue de la ideología de género en Colombia a partir de dos episodios que revelan el alcance y las estrategias del activismo religioso y político conservador: las protestas contra el material pedagógico diseñado por el Ministerio de Educación para combatir la homofobia y transfobia en los colegios, y el triunfo del “no” en la refrendación popular del acuerdo de paz entre el Gobierno y la guerrilla de las Farc-EP. Se propone entender la ideología de género más allá del ámbito religioso, concretamente, en sus dimensiones moral y ética, y en su conexión con la política. La tesis central del documento es que el uso que se hace de esta noción en la arena pública sirve de soporte a proyectos de construcción de nación y ciudadanías, en los que el miedo da forma a las figuras del pueblo y su otro: las personas señaladas de promover la ideología de género.
In the last 20 years, several countries in Latin America have sought uneven and disparate legal transformations affecting the lives of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals and collectives. These new legal measures have taken place simultaneously, with deepening structures of social, gender, and sexual injustice challenging their view as indicators of progressive change. In this contradictory context, LGBT social policies have emerged as a specialized field of state action because of two parallel trends: the macro political politics affecting the region, and the accumulated experience of gender and sexual social mobilizations in their interactions with the state. There are many variations of this emerging field of social policies because it is shaped by the meaning provided by local actors such as interest groups, activists, and policy makers, and their translation into policy lobbying, policymaking, and policy negotiation. As result of these innovations, gender identity and sexual orientation have nowadays entered into the language of policymaking and policy implementation. These legal measures have opened spaces for social and political participation that were not there before. Nevertheless, LGBT policies are new regimes of governmentality that control the inclusion of gender and sexual social mobilizations into citizenship and democracy.
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