While the underlying etiological factors can be demonstrated in approximately half of the cases (9), the risk factor cannot be determined in approximately one third (10)(11)(12). While prenatal causes are held responsible in almost 70-80 %of patients (multiple pregnancies, intrauterine infections, cervical insufficiency, placenta anomalies, bleeding, intravenous clotting, pregnancy toxication, hyperthyroidism, drug use, iodine deficiency, genetic, hypertension, mental retardation, Metabolic and hormonal diseases such as epilepsy and diabetes mellitus), perinatal causes in 10-20 % (placenta infarction, vaginal bleeding, asphyxia, prematurity, placenta previa, low birth weight, corioamniotis, cord wandering, abnormal presentation, early membrane rupture, low score by APGAR scoring system (scoring by evaluating the appearance of the newborn, heart rate, reflex response, tonus and respiration) and postnatal causes (encephalopathies, polycythemia, hypoglycemia, CNS infection, intracranial bleeding, coagulopathy, convulsions, hyperbilirubinemia) in 10% of patients are held responsible (12, 13).Tonus disorder in CP is at the forefront. According to the type of tonus disorder, CP can be classified as spastic, ataxic, dyskinetic and mixed types (14). Almost three quarters of cases are spastic types. It is characterized by increased muscle tone in the rapid angular movement of the joint in the extremity affected by the first motor neuron damage. This may cause problems such as impaired posture, limitation of
The aim of this study is to evaluate the attitudes and awareness of physicians dealing with rheumatology about temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement while evaluating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with the TMJ questionnaire we created. For this purpose, an online TMJ evaluation questionnaire consisting of 10 questions was prepared and completed by the physicians via the Google Forms application. Among those who participated in the survey; the percentage of correct answers to the question of whether the TMJ joint is a synovial joint was 95.5%. While the rate of those who correctly knew that more than half of the RA patients had TMJ involvement remained at 35.5%, the rate of those who correctly identified that RA rarely affected the first TMJ was 75.5%. The rate of those who knew that TMJ involvement is frequently bilateral in RA was 62.7%. The number of participants who answered the question of what the clinical findings are in TMJ involvement correctly was over 60%. When asked about radiological findings in TMJ involvement in RA, more than 75% of the participants expected joint space narrowing, erosion, and mandibular destruction. On the other hand, the number of physicians who expected radiological findings such as ostephitis and sclerosis as radiological findings was below 40%. While the number of physicians who performed TMJ inquiries and examinations in RA patients was only 15.5%, if there was a TMJ complaint, this rate increased to 80%. The number of participants using objective tests for the evaluation of TMJ was below 30%. Also, 85.5% of the participants ignored TMJ involvement in RA. In conclusion, our study showed that physicians dealing with rheumatology have low awareness of TMJ involvement in RA.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.