This paper reveals mathematical models for the simplest fuzzy PID controllers which employ two fuzzy sets for each of the three input variables and four fuzzy sets for the output variable. Mathematical models are derived via left and right trapezoidal membership functions for each input, singleton or triangular membership functions for output, algebraic product triangular norm, different combinations of triangular co-norms and inference methods, and center of sums (COS) defuzzification method. Properties of these structures are studied to examine their suitability for control application. For the structure which is suitable for control, bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stability proof is presented. An approach to design fuzzy PID controllers is given. Finally, some numerical examples along with their simulation results are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the simplest fuzzy PID controllers.
The smart lighting control in the new commercial studios and smart homes not only provides the user with better control but also enhances the aesthetic value of the place. This control is achieved by profiling and controlling the lights by using user defined lighting conditions. One possible and a neat way is by using NFC Tags loaded with the user profile details and also the intensity or color details and interface it with the control board that adjust the intensity and color by a simple pulse width modulation and using RGB led matrix panels as lighting elements. The PWM technique varies the light intensity as per the width of the triggering pulse and the desired color profile can be obtained by combining three main colors that is red, green and blue in different proportions. The paper presents an approach to the profiling and control done using Near Field Communication (NFC) technology which is based on short range radio communication. Since most of the new smart phones are also coming with NFC chip enabled thus the profiling can be made mobile and even more personalized. The paper uses a NFC reader on base control board to read a profile from a rewritable tag. So when a Tag is tapped with the base board, the information from the NFC tag is read and sent to microcontroller where the particular light profile is selected from a user defined list of light profiles.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.