Tanshinone IIA (TIIA) is an active compound that can be isolated from the Chinese herb, Salvia miltiorrhizae Bunge, also known as danshen. Previous studies have demonstrated that TIIA can effectively attenuate bleomycin‑induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. However, it has not been determined whether TIIA can attenuate paraquat (PQ)‑induced acute lung injury (ALI). In the present study, the protective effects exhibited by TIIA on PQ‑induced ALI, as well as its underlying mechanisms, were investigated using Sprague‑Dawley (SD) rats. ALI animal models using rats were established via administration of PQ. Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: A control group, a PQ group and a PQ + TIIA group. Total cell count, total protein levels and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in lung tissues were determined. Lung histological alterations were also investigated. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Angiotensin 1‑7 [Ang‑(1‑7)] expression levels in the lung were also analyzed. The results demonstrated that administration of PQ induced marked histological alterations, and markedly increased neutrophil infiltration, lung wet/dry weight ratio, total cell count, protein content and LDH levels in BALF. In addition, PQ was revealed to significantly decrease ACE2 and Ang‑(1‑7) expression levels in lung tissues. However, it was demonstrated that TIIA attenuated these effects. Therefore, the results of the present study suggest that that TIIA may exhibit a therapeutic effect regarding PQ‑induced ALI in rats, and that ACE2 and Ang‑(1‑7) may be involved in the underlying mechanisms of this effect.
The knowledge payment industry will rapidly attract many enterprises that provide knowledge services. This study investigates the interrelationship between brand personality, brand love, and electronic word-of-mouth in the context of knowledge payment. Moreover, this study explored the brand experience sharing boundary condition by adopting a survey. Firstly, the main research results show that brand personality has a significant positive impact on brand love. Secondly, brand love also has a significant positive influence on electronic word-of-mouth. Thirdly, brand experience sharing plays a positive role in regulating brand love and electronic word-of-mouth. This research promotes e-marketing by focusing on brand personality, brand love, e-word of mouth, and other perspectives to improve business operations, user experience, and engagement, providing dedicated products or services to the customer base for profit. As an emerging market, knowledge payment will attract the participation of many knowledge service enterprises.
The present study aimed to assess whether women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) ≥35 years age undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles experienced a higher cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) over a two-year period compared with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched patients with tubal factor infertility. Through propensity score matching (PSM) approach, the authors retrospectively analyzed the IVF/ICSI outcomes of 263 PCOS patients (35-46 years of age [mean, 37 years]) and 526 age- and BMI-matched tubal factor controls two years after oocyte retrieval. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to explore factors influencing cumulative live birth. Women with PCOS exhibited better ovarian reserve and response, and higher CLBR in two years compared with age- and BMI-matched controls (CLBR: 55.51% in PCOS vs. 38.02% in control, p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of transferable embryos and antral follicle counts were both significant independent factors predicting cumulative live birth after adjusting for female age, female body mass index, percentage of transferred blastocysts, number of embryos transferred per embryo-transfer cycle, diagnosis of PCOS and freeze-all cycles (p<0.001, p=0.045). Women with PCOS ≥ 35 years of age demonstrated a higher CLBR over two years compared with age- and BMI-matched controls. This could be explained by favorable oocyte reserve and more available embryos compared with controls, which overcome the compromised oocyte quality in aged PCOS patients.
Glass-based goods are produced and consumed in relative abundance, making glass a material that is found in most households, thereby leading to its accumulation in alarming quantities throughout the globe and posing an environmental challenge. This being said, glass has been widely acknowledged to possess a variety of desirable physiochemical properties, making it suitable for utilisation as an engineering aggregate. The properties include its non-biodegradable nature, resistance to chemical attack, low water absorption, hydraulic conductivity, temperature-dependent ductility, alterable particle gradation, and its availability in a multitude of forms/chemical compositions. Owing to these properties, glass has been employed in a myriad of civil engineering studies and field trials to assess its efficacy as an engineering aggregate and to provide sustainable management schemes for waste glass. These studies/trials have incorporated glass in many forms, including fine recycled glass (FRG), medium recycled glass (MRG), coarse recycled glass (CRG), glass powder, glass fibres, foamed glass, and glass-based geopolymers. Although the beneficial properties of glass can be exploited in numerous engineering endeavours, this review paper focuses on the possible application of glass to subsurface layers of pavements. In turn, the current study centres on research studies/trials presenting results on the physicochemical, mechanical, and durability aspects of pavement layers (base, subbase, and subgrade) containing pure glass samples or glass as percentage replacements in materials, including but not limited to unbound granular materials (i.e., recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and crushed rock (CR)) and clay soils. Through the knowledge compiled in this review article, it is reasonable to state that glass shows solid potential as a road pavement material.
Hydrogen is considered to be a clean energy alternative to non-renewable fossil fuels. Hydrogen storage using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has received more attention in recent years. Their higher pore volume, high density of interaction sites, and a wide variety of structures contribute to their greater versatility. MOFs for hydrogen storage was discussed in this article, including their mechanism, preparation, and factors. In this study, several conventional and distinct methods for the synthesis of MOFs were demonstrated in detail, including slow diffusion, hydrothermal (solvothermal), electrochemical, mechanochemical, and microwave-assisted methods. In addition, hydrogen can be adsorbed by physical and chemical adsorption. In particular, physical sorption is facilitated by relatively low heat and pressure by van der Waal’s force. To increase the uptake of hydrogen storage, strategies to improve MOFs by altering pore structure and isosteric heat were addressed. The article discusses how MOFs have the potential to meet DOE targets for hydrogen storage and explains why that is so through examples and comparisons.
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