Isatin (2,3‐dioxoindole) is a component of tribulin. Tribulin, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptor binding, has been identified as an endogenous marker of stress and anxiety. In animal experiments, isatin has been found to produce an anxiety‐like action and its level is increased during stress and anxiety. Maternal anxiety and obstetrical complications are two different stressors that can affect perinatal outcome. In this study we investigated plasma isatin levels in maternal anxiety and stress. The study was conducted in 279 pregnant and non‐pregnant women. The patients were stratified into five groups—A, B, C, D and E. Plasma cortisol was measured to assess the intensity of the stressor and plasma isatin was measured by a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Perinatal outcome was measured by gestational weight and birth weight of the baby. Non‐pregnant women (group D) had a significantly lower plasma isatin level (P < 0.001) compared to women with normal pregnancies (group E), whose plasma isatin was monitored once in each trimester. Patients with anxiety and psychological stress (group B) and patients with obstetrical stress from obstetrical complications (group C) had significantly higher levels of plasma cortisol (P < 0.001) and plasma isatin (P < 0.001) compared to women with normal pregnancies (group A). Perinatal outcome data were significantly lower (P < 0.001) in both groups B and C. In conclusion, our data proved that maternal anxiety and obstetrical complications are two different stressors evidenced by higher plasma cortisol and isatin levels in patients of these two groups. The present study further validated the postulated role of isatin as a marker of anxiety and stress in a clinically relevant condition in humans. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Background: Going off to college is a unique point in time for young adults. It forces independence from a developed comfort zone that folks may have had through the end of high school, and at the same time drives home the point that there is no one around to clean up one’s mistakes anymore. The purpose of this study was to measure the depression among college freshmen and last year college students. Methods: Two groups were selected one is of freshmen and the other is of last year, both groups have 60 students. Each group has 30 students. Data were collected from the Delhi and National capital Region College students. In this research paper “Cognitive Self-Statements in Depression: Development of an Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire.” by Dr. Steven Hollon and Philip Kendall was used. “t” test was used for analysis. Results: There is no significance difference in the level of depression among freshmen and last year college students, but last year students are more depressed. Last year students have more pressure of making career than freshmen and to maintain their grades on regular basis and no fun activity with monotonous lifestyle can be a major cause of depression in today’s youth. Conclusion: In the present research study it is found that there is no significant difference among freshmen and last year college students. Freshmen are more enthusiastic and new to college which makes them interested to attend classes and less stress regarding the making of career as compared to last year college students. Last year students have more pressure to cope up with family issues and societal pressure.
Dental practitioners should use their knowledge and skills and be able to identify and effectively treat dental diseases in children. The child’s and family’s response should be taken into account for providing safe and effective treatment for the paediatric patients. The present study aims to analyse the preference of GA by parents for children under 5 years of age. This retrospective study was conducted among the paediatric dental patients under 5 years of age visiting Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. The data of the 154 patients who were indicated for GA procedure were collected. The collected data was statistically analysed using IBM SPSS Software (20.0). The results proved that the majority (72.08%) of the parents did not accept the GA procedure. Parents of 3 year old children were the most accepting (44.2%) of GA procedure. Among gender,parents of female children show a slightly higher percentage of acceptance (51.2%) when compared to the parents of the male children (48.8%). Most common reason for acceptance was parents of children undergoing full mouth rehabilitation procedures(55.8%). Majority of the parents who accepted the GA procedure were educated (83.7%) which shows that educational qualification plays an important role. Therefore it is important to bring the positive attitude among parents for delivering safe and quality dental treatment.
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