INTRODUCTIONBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers with over one million cases reported worldwide. It accounts up to 30% of all the cancers reported in female's worldwide. 1 Regardless of having advanced treatments, the disease continues to have the highest rate of treatment failure due to tumor resistance, both intrinsic and acquired.2 Many treatment strategies have been applied for the best results to ameliorate the cancer, but none has shown any significant results so far. Natural products have long been an important source for the treatment of different types of cancer. More than a thousand plants have been found to possess significant anticancer properties.3 Over 60% of currently used anticancer agents are derived from natural sources. 4 The Vitex agnus castus (VAC) is a shrub found in central Europe and central Asia has brown or black colored pepper like seeds having significant levels of herbal and medicinal properties.5 It is a well-known herb used for the treatment of female reproductive problem, especially pre-menstrual syndrome and certain endocrine related problems. 6 Studies reported that the fruit of this plant contains phenolic compounds like terpenes, flavonoids and aetheric oils, etc.7 Further studies on it showed that ethanolic extract from dried ripe VAC fruits displays cytotoxic activity against six human cell lines from different cancer tissue origins.8 Studies for antioxidant activity in the past have shown that decreased GSH levels are indicator of cell viability along-with increased MDA levels showing marked cell proliferation in tumor tissues whereas decreased levels of the same are indicator improved oxidative status of the tissue. From the recent literature, it is evident that ethanolic fruit extract of the VAC has shown some anticancer effects in, in-vitro studies and there is no recent data suggesting the anticancer property in vivo. Therefore, this study was conducted to elucidate the anticancer effect of the Vitex agnus seed extract along-with its antioxidant activity by estimating GSH and MDA levels on induced mammary tumor of SD rats in an in-vivo study. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsAfter obtaining the permission from the institutional ethical committee, healthy, 30 days old inbred Sprague Dawley female rats of body weight 70-80 grams were taken for this study. Animals were maintained according to prescribed guidelines of a committee for control and supervision of experts on animals (CPCSEA), Govt. Of India, for the use of laboratory animals. All animals were maintained under normal day-night environment in temperature controlled institutional animal house. Animals were housed in polypropylene cages; paddy husk was used for bedding. Animals were given water ad libitum and standard rat feed pellet was used for feeding. Induction of tumor Preparation of the carcinogenMammary tumor was induced by injecting N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea dissolved in normal saline with pH-4 maintained by adding 3% glacial acetic acid. The SD rats were given a single intraperitoneal dose of Effect o...
Introduction and Aim: Breast cancer accounts for about 30% of all cancers in women. The present study aims to see the role of prolactin and Vitex agnus fruit extract in breast cancer progression in mammary tumor induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-day old inbred SD female rats of body weight 70-80 grams were taken for this study. The rats were induced with N- Methyl-Nitroso-Urea for mammary tumor development. After the development of palpable and visible tumor the rats were treated with anti-prolactin drug (Cabergoline) and a prolactin lowering herb Vitex agnus Castus (VAC) for two months. After the treatment the rats were sacrificed for antioxidants estimation and histopathological section examination. Results: The rats treated with anti-prolactin drug showed benign tumors with hyperplasia and lactational change proving the presence of prolactin in the tumor tissue, whereas the plant extract showed mammary tumor regression by the presence of foamy macrophages in the histopathological sections. Results also showed treatment with cabergoline increased the GSH level and decreased the MDA level compared to tumor induced group. Conclusion: Prolactin may have a potential role in progression of breast cancer and Vitex agnus extract showed a prolactin lowering effect and facilitated in regression of the tumor.
In Ayurveda human body is made up of seven dhatus. The production of next (utro-utar dhatu) dhatu is from the former dhatu by the function of their respective dhatvagni like rasagni acts on ahara rasa and turn it into rasa dhatu like wise raktagni converts some part of ras dhatu into rakta dhatu and so on. Hairs are mala of aasthi dhatu. Its important to nourish aasthi dhatu for health hairs. khalitya roga described under the heading of kshudra roga (minor disease) or shiroroga (diseases of head & scalp). It is progressing disorder people living in sedentary ways of life, stress induced ,hectic schedules. Ayurveda science has already described how to take care of our hair by using herbal drugs.
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