were included in the study. After a detailed clinical examination, relevant investigations and a valid informed consent, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of the neck swelling was performed, followed by biopsy and histopathological examination of the neck swelling. The result of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology was correlated with result of Histopathological examination of neck swelling. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The result of this study was calculated by using the method of Galen and Gambino for substantiating the correlation. RESULTS: The histopathological correlation of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in our study was 92%. The sensitivity, specificity and efficiency of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in our study were 87.5%, 100% and 98% respectively. CONCLUSION: Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is an excellent first line method for investigating patients presenting with neck masses. Since the masses of the neck are easily accessible, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a diagnostic procedure which suits well for such a situation.
Oral cancer is one of the most commonly occurring malignant tumors in the head and neck regions with high incident rate and mortality rate in the developed countries than in the developing countries. Generally, the survival rate of cancer patients may increase when diagnosed at early stage, followed by prompt treatment and therapy. Recently, cancer diagnosis and therapy design for a specific cancer patient have been performed with the advanced computer-aided techniques. The responses of the cancer therapy could be continuously monitored to ensure the effectiveness of the treatment process that hardly requires diagnostic result as quick as possible to improve the quality and patient care. This paper gives an overview of oral cancer occurrence, different types, and various diagnostic techniques. In addition, a brief introduction is given to various stages of immunoanalysis including tissue image preparation, whole slide imaging, and microscopic image analysis.
This prospective study was done at the Southern Railway Headquarters Hospital, Ayanavaram, Chennai to measure the intraoperative blood loss during adenotonsillectomy and to assess the factors affecting it. Since blood volume in children is low, even a small loss will result in dreaded complications, so blood loss measurement in paediatric surgery is important. Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgery performed in the field of otolaryngology, so blood loss measurement is essential in this surgery. In the study, 50 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy, by conventional dissection and snare method for tonsillectomy and curette method for adenoidectomy, were evaluated for operative blood loss. This study was conducted over a 1 year period, from June 2013 to June 2014. Both gravimetric method and blood volume studies were used to measure the operative blood loss. The estimated blood loss by gravimetric method was 94.35 ml, whereas the actual blood loss by blood volume studies was 90.57 ml and the average blood loss was 92.46 ml. The youngest child who was operated was 4 years old and the oldest child was 15 years old. The minimum blood loss was 40.30 ml and the maximum was 278.46 ml. In our series, operative blood loss was dependent on fibrosis of tonsil and the grade of the tonsil. There was no significant correlation between age and sex of the patient and the surgical skills.
Human myiasis is common in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Tracheostomal myiasis is a rare entity, and only 7 such cases have been reported in literature. Our study emphasizes the importance of health education with regards to hygiene, sanitation and home tracheostomy tube care especially in immunocompromised individuals.
The aim of this study to evaluate the incidence and localization of facial nerve dehiscence in patients undergoing middle ear surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study done at our ENT center consists of 103 patients undergoing various middle ear surgery. The patients who have been operated in our ENT center for middle ear problems in last 3 years were enrolled for the study. Among 103 patients, 35 were women, 68 were men with age ranging from 7 to 59. STATISTICAL TOOL: proportion and percentage, Chi square test. Statistical method analyzed by Graph Pad Instat software. RESULTS: Facial nerve dehiscence occurred in 15 (14.5%) of 103 patients. Involvement of tympanic segment more common than other segments. CONCLUSION: Conclusively, one out of every 10 surgical cases may have dehiscence of the facial canal which has to be always keeping in mind during surgical manipulation of the middle ear. Facial nerve is most vulnerable structure in middle ear and that should be dealt carefully to avoid complications.
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