In spite of the impressive scale of community forestry in Nepal over the last three decades, and its apparent benefits in terms of improved forest condition, there are concerns that the main economic benefits are not equally distributed and that the community forestry process perpetuates or even reinforces social inequity, economic and environmental injustice. This paper presents the findings of a study investigating the livelihood impact of community forestry in eight community forest user groups in the Churia part of the Terai region. Impacts were found to be very variable within and between user groups and not easily explained by any single factor. A general finding, however, was that, community forestry shifts benefit flows from individual households to the community level. This means that promotion of fair representation and active participation by the poorest is needed to ensure that they gain access to the new community-level decision-making fora and the resources managed at this level.Améliorer les bénéfices dont peuvent profiter les démunis au sein de la foresterie communautaire dans la région Churia du Népal M.R. MAHARJAN, T.R. DHAKAL, SURESH K. THAPA, K. SCHRECKENBERG et C. LUTTRELL Malgré l'envergure impressionnante qu'a prise la foresterie communautaire au Népal au cours des trois dernières décennies, et malgré ses bénéfices apparents en termes d'amélioration de la condition des forêts; il est inquiétant de constater que ses principaux bénéfices économiques ne sont pas distribués équitablement, et que le processus de foresterie de communauté perpétue, voire même renforce les inégalités sociales et l'injustice économique et environnementale. Cet article présente les résultats d'une étude enquête sur l'impact de la foresterie de communauté sur les revenus dans huit groupes d'utilisateurs de la forêt communautaire dans le secteur Churia de la région Terai. Les impacts se trouvèrent être très variables au sein même des groupes et entre eux, et cela, sans pouvoir être expliqués par un facteur unique. Une trouvaille générale fut cependant que la foresterie communautaire détourne les courants de bénéfices des foyers individuels vers le niveau communautaire. Il en résulte la nécessité d'assurer une promotion d'une représentation juste et d'une participation active des plus démunis, afin qu'ils puissent gagner accès aux nouvelles prises de décisions au niveau communautaire, et aux ressources gérées à ce niveau.Maximización de los beneficios para los pobres: experiencias de silvicultura comunitaria en la región del Churia (Nepal) M.R. MAHARJAN, T.R. DHAKAL, SURESH K. THAPA, K. SCHRECKENBERG y C. LUTTRELL A pesar del aumento importante de la gestión forestal comunitaria en Nepal durante los últimos tres décadas, y sus beneficios evidentes en cuanto a mejoras en la condición del bosque, resulta preocupante que los principales beneficios económicos no sean distribuidos de forma equitativa y que el proceso de gestión comunitaria perpetúe o incluso refuerce la injusticia social, económica y ambiental. Este artículo...
Air is one of the essential elements of human’s surroundings. The earth’s atmosphere is full of air which contains gases such as Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Monoxide and traces of some rare elements. But quality of the air has been degrading for some decades due to various activities conducted by the human beings that directly or indirectly affect the atmosphere leading to the air pollution. There are different techniques to measure air quality.However, with the evolution of time the expensive and less efficient analog devices have been replaced by more efficient and less expensive electronics device. In this research, MQ135 sensor is used to measure air quality of a particular location. I2C display is used to monitor the data. Indeed, with the increasing in number of vehicles, unplanned urbanization and rapid population growth, air pollution has considerably increased in the last decades in various areas of Kathmandu. Thus, this project ‘Air Pollution Monitoring System’ was focused on collection of the data specific location of Chandragiri municipality of Kathmandu city. In conclusion,analysis of the data is done with the help of origin software which shows that the Arduino device in this device works perfectly for measuring the air pollution. Air quality of the selected area is found to be less than 500 PPM which concludes that the air quality of this area is normal.
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