LK-423 is hydrophilic, sparingly to slightly soluble, and poorly permeable. Stability profile in aqueous solution is pH dependent. A pharmacokinetic study following intravenous application to rats and dogs revealed that LK-423 is rapidly eliminated with a short terminal phase half-life, and high plasma clearance, as well as a limited distribution to the peripheral tissue. Oral bioavailability of LK-423 is low, presumably due to low permeability. Debris of insoluble microcapsule coating in feces and obtained plasma concentration profiles confirm that LK-423 microcapsules are a promising approach for local treatment of inflammatory diseases of the large intestine. Acute and a subchronic toxicity results indicate that LK-423 is a safe and nontoxic drug under the applied experimental conditions.
The efficacy of terbinafine hydrochloride (Lamisil ® , Novartis) in the treatment of 27 M. canisinfected cats was followed. Treatment was started on the 17 th day post inoculation (p.i.), when successful experimental infection was proved. Nine cats were treated with low-dose terbinafine 10-20 mg/kg QD (LD group), nine cats were treated with high-dose terbinafine 30-40 mg/kg QD (HD group) and nine were left untreated as a control group (C group). The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated using Wood's lamp examination, fungal culture and histopathology.
A 1-year-old heifer from an enzootic bovine leukemia virus (BLV)-free breeding herd was examined for numerous cutaneous plaques on the neck, shoulder, back, perineum, and tail. Impression smears of the skin lesions contained a large population of neoplastic lymphoblastic cells. Hematologic findings included mild anemia, neutrophilia, and lymphocytosis. The serum activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was moderately increased at admission (4712 U/L), and remained increased despite normal to minimally increased activities of liver- and muscle-specific enzymes. The heifer was serologically negative for BLV. Because of declining condition and poor prognosis, the heifer was euthanized on day 37 after presentation. At necropsy and on histologic examination, epitheliotropic and folliculotropic cutaneous lymphoma, with generalized involvement of lymph nodes and spleen and infiltration of liver and kidney, was diagnosed. Immunophenotyping results (CD79-, CD3+) were consistent with a lymphoma of T-cell origin. We concluded that cutaneous T-cell lymphoma had spread to the other internal organs, and that the neoplasm likely contributed to increased serum LDH activity.
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