In the Cognate Object Construction (COC) a typically intransitive verb
combines with a postverbal noun phrase whose head noun is morphologically
or semantically cognate to the verb. I will argue that English has a
family of COCs which consists of four different types. The COCs
share common core properties but differ with respect to some of their
syntactic and semantic properties. I will capture the ˋˋcognateness''
between the verb and the noun in all COCs by token identities at the level
of their lexical semantic contribution. I will use an inheritance
hierarchy on lexical rule sorts to model the family relations among the
different COC types.
In this paper we will discuss semantic aspects of collocational prepositional phrases (CPPs) consisting of sequences. Based on the syntactic analysis in , which assumes prepositions heading combinations to be able to raise and syntactically realize complements of their arguments, we will investigate whether the semantic representations of these expressions can be derived compositionally. We will discuss German CPPs with respect to two criteria of internal semantic regularity taken from (Sailer, 2003), and we will observe that the expressions in question are not uniform with regard to their semantic properties. While the logical form of some of them can be computed by means of ordinary meaning assignment and a set of standard derivational operations, others require additional handling methods. However, there are approaches available within the HPSG paradigm which are able to account for these data. Here we will briefly present the external selection approach of (Soehn, 2003) and the phrasal lexical entries approach of (Sailer, 2003), and we will demonstrate how they interact with the syntactic approach of .
The paper looks at constraints on non-wh relatives in Sorani Kurdish (Iranian) and English (Germanic). We argue that some of them are grammatical, whereas others introduce social meaning. We present a basic, lexicalist syntactic analysis and expand it with social meaning constraints. We propose that classical sociolinguistic variables have the status of conventional implicatures and the overall assessment of a style is treated as a particularized conversational implicature.
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