Background Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders among an estimated 25.6 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The depression rate is higher in HIV-seropositive men who have sex with men (MSM) regardless of their sexual orientation, identity or romantic attraction. This is due to various types of stigma including HIV-related stigma, social stigma, self-stigma and mental health stigma. Opportunistic infections, unemployment, poverty and food insecurity also predispose HIV-seropositive MSM to depression. Moreover, depression in heterosexual and sexual minority groups challenges and additionally burdens SSA health care systems due to inadequate economic developments, lack of mental health professionals who specialise in the treatment of depression, few MSM-centred facilities, inadequate mental health infrastructure (hospitals and clinics) and complimentary resources. Although studies have highlighted links between mental health disorder, an HIV diagnosis and sexual minority groups, there is limited research that focusses on depression and its causal factors in MSM living with HIV in SSA. Hence, the relevance of conducting this scoping review. Methods A scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, the enhancements and recommendations of Levac, Colquhoun and O’Brien, Daudt and associates and the 2015 Johanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines will be conducted. Systematic electronic searches of databases and search engines such as Google, Google Scholar, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (Ovid), and PsycInfo (Ovid) will be conducted to attain published peer-reviewed articles of all study designs. Grey literature will be sourced from media and conference abstracts and reports, governmental reports and unpublished dissertations and theses. Additionally, websites of humanitarian organisations and other relevant departmental websites will also be searched. Literature published between 2010 and 2020 that meets the review’s inclusion criteria, research question and sub-question will be included in this review. All the retrieved literature will be exported to an Endnote X9.2 library after duplicates have been removed. Discussion We anticipate mapping relevant literature on depression and the causal factors in HIV-seropositive MSM living in SSA. Once analysed and summarised, the data will be useful in identifying literature gaps, informing systematic reviews and future research. The findings could also assist in depression and sexuality dialogues, and awareness campaigns that address mental health issues, stigma and discrimination among this key population living in SSA.
Background: The Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global, chronic health challenge that warrants a multidimensional approach to treatment and care. Notwithstanding the strides made in suppressing the virus, evidence illustrates challenges in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) experiences of treatment and care. Such experiences threaten HIV patients’ retention, adherence, mortality, comorbidities and the global community’s efforts to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. A patient-centred approach (PCC) to HIV care and treatment could improve patients’ health care experiences, wellbeing, retention and adherence and strengthen patient-provider relationships, Hence, the aim of this scoping review is to comprehensively map existing evidence of PCC in HIV treatment and care. Additionally, the review will identify and describe gaps that could inform future research and interventional programmes or the need for systematic reviews. Methods and analysis: As HIV PCC is a broad topic, a systematic scoping review, that includes peer-reviewed journal articles and grey literature will be conducted. Online databases: (Google scholar, Scopus, EBSCOhost, PsycINFO via ProQuest, PsycARTICLES via ProQuest, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) via ProQuest, UNAIDS databases will be accessed. Humanitarian databases such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) will also be accessed to identify literature on PCC for PLHIV. Such literature will be published between 2009 and 2019. Two reviewers will independently extract data from relevant search engines, utilising specific inclusion and exclusion standards. Thereafter thematic content analysis will be performed, and a narrative account of the findings will be presented. Discussion: As this is a scoping review, no ethical approval is required. Once the review is completed all summarized data will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals, at national and international conferences, clinical settings and to policy makers. This is aimed at improving PLHIV’s experiences in clinical settings, practice and care. Keywords: HIV, patient-centred care, patient experiences, ART programme; ARVS; patients
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