Background: Post-extubation dysphagia is frequent symptom among hospitalized Patients in the critical care unit. It had been discovered that 41% of critically ill patients who require endotracheal intubation experience postextubation dysphagia. Aim: The aim of the current study was to identify risk predictors post-extubation dysphagia. Study design: A descriptive research design was utilized in the current study. Setting: The current study was conducted in the intensive care units (general intensive care unit, traumatic unit and critical care unit) At Assiut university hospital. Subject: A convenience sampling of 100 adult patients. Tools: Tool (1): " Contributing factors for post-extubation assessment, Tool (2): Gugging Swallow Screen bedside swallowing screening. Results: It was found that the greatest percentage of studied patients suffering from moderate dysphagia (60.4 %), with significant statistically difference between some of other risk factors .The other risk factors include duration of intubation, gastric tube size, gastric tube period, and length of stay in the intensive care unit and occurrence of post-extubation dysphasia with P value equal (p value<0.01). Conclusions: There were many variables that could cause postextubation dysphasia. These variables include therapeutic-related variables, duration of end tracheal tube and size of the gastric tube. Additionally, in critically ill patients who have just been extubated, the nurse essential should perform an early detection and management of dysphagia. Recommendation: In order to predict and treat postextubation dysphasia, nurses should periodically check on the critically ill patients who have been intubated for early signs of dysphagia.

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Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is one of the common treatments for cardiac diseases, despite the numerous complications of CABG. The most serious adverse events are bleeding requiring further surgery, cardiac arrhythmias, deep sternal wound infection and death. Aim of the study: This study was carried to examine postoperative complications in patients undergoing CABGs. Research design: this prospective observational study was conducted at CICU in Heart Assuit University Hospital. Methods: Data collected through a period of seven months, from first of August 2019 to the end of January 2020. At this period there were 68 patients admitted to Cardiothoracic department for CABG surgery, while 8 died and 60 patients included to the study. Three tools were used, Tool I: Cardiac surgical patient assessment sheet, Tool II: Predictors of mortality, and Tool III: CABG Complications sheet. Results: Findings of the present study revealed that patients post CABG surgeries in CICU reported several complications included: Atrial fibrillation (26.6%), Ventricular ectopic (8.3%), Ventricular tachycardia (1.6%), Cardiac tamponed (6.6%), while there were (10%) reported pneumonia, and (6.6%) reported atelectasis, about nausea (43.3%) and also (43.3%) reported vomiting complications, there was (20.0%) By acute kidney injury stage I, there was (5%) of patients complain from wound infection. Conclusion: the most complications occurred post CABG operations was Postoperative Atrial fibrillation (POAF), gastrointestinal complications, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Recommendations: Results of the study help in preoperative risk assessment, and understanding complications after CABGs.

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Background:The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative effect on critical care nurses' mental health. Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the critical care nurses caring for patients with COVID 19 and evaluate the stress factors that affect them. Study design and Methods: A descriptive crosssectional study was conducted in the intensive care and emergency units at Assiut University Hospital from the period of August 2020 to November 2020; 118 critical care nurses completed the questionnaire via an online survey. Results: Among the participating nurses (47.5%) were reported moderate level of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and (39.0%) were reported severe level of PTSD symptoms. At P=0.05, there was a positive significant correlation between PTSD and workload, COVID 19 patient death, conflict with physician, lack of competency, and fear of infection among participant nurses (r =.370 **, r = .268 ** , r = 268 ** , r = .265 **, r = r =.272 ** , r =.277**) respectively. Conclusion: The rate of post-traumatic stress disorder was higher among critical care nurses caring for patients with COVID-19. Recommendations: We recommended further study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 on mental health of critical care nurses and educate them about PTSD.