Oxaliplatin frequently causes peripheral neuropathy. Clinical studies have indicated that pregabalin ameliorates oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. However, pregabalin frequently causes dizziness and somnolence. We previously reported that elcatonin, a synthetic analog of eel calcitonin, attenuated oxaliplatin-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in rats. The aim of the present study was to compare the anti-allodynic effects of elcatonin and pregabalin in the rats developing the oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with a single dose of oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)) to induce cold and mechanical allodynia. We assessed the effects of subcutaneous elcatonin (20 U/kg) and oral pregabalin (30 mg/kg) on cold and mechanical allodynia by cold stimulation (8°C) to the hind paw of the rats and the von Frey test, respectively. Elcatonin reversed the effects of oxaliplatin-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in rats for a longer time period than pregabalin does. These results suggested that elcatonin might be useful for the clinical treatment of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy.Key words oxaliplatin; elcatonin; neuropathy; pregabalin; cold allodynia; mechanical allodynia Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based anti-cancer drug used in the treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, 1) and is known to induce a specific acute and chronic form of neuropathy.2) There are few reports on the use of drugs to prevent or treat this painful neuropathy in patients. Recently, pregabalin was reported to reduce the severity of oxaliplatin-induced sensory neuropathy in rats 3) and patients. 4) However, pregabalin frequently causes dizziness and somnolence. 4,5) Recently, we have reported that repeated administration of calcitonins, such as elcatonin, a synthetic analog of eel calcitonin, and salmon calcitonin, attenuated oxaliplatin-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in rats.6,7) To apply elcatonin in a clinical setting, it is important to compare anti-allodynic effects of elcatonin and pregabalin on the oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy. In the present study, we compared the efficacies of single doses of elcatonin and pregabalin for inhibiting oxaliplatin-induced allodynia in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODSAnimals All experimental procedures in this study were approved by the Committee for Animal Experiments, Kitasato University, and complied with the Guiding Principles for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, approved by the Japanese Pharmacological Society. The official number of animal experiment approved by the committee for our university is T11-1. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150-250 g (Japan SLC, Hamamatsu, Japan) were used. The rats were housed 4-6 per cage in a room with controlled temperature (22± 2°C) and humidity (55%±5%), and a 12-h light/dark cycle. The animals were allowed free access to regular rat chow and tap water. The researchers performing the behavioral studies were blinded to the treatment being administered.Drugs Elcatonin (Elcitonin ® ) and pregabal...
The Japanese pharmaceutical curriculum was extended from four to six years in 2006. Students now receive practical communication-skills training in their fourth year, before progressing to train in hospital and community pharmacies in their fifth year. Kitasato University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, had established a program to meet these aims before the 2006 guidance. In the present study, we discuss and evaluate the features of this communication-skills training program. This study enrolled 242 fourth-year pharmacy students at Kitasato University. Students filled out a questionnaire survey after completing the laboratory element of their undergraduate education. As part of training, students were asked to obtain patient data from a model medical chart, before performing simulated patient interviews covering hospital admission and patient counseling. These simulations were repeated in a small group, and feedback was provided to students by both the simulated patient and the faculty after each presentation. It was found that students were able to develop their communication skills through this approach. Thus, an effective system of gradual and continuous training has been developed, which allows students to acquire clinical and practical communication skills.
Oxaliplatin is commonly used anti-cancer drugs, but it frequently causes peripheral neuropathic pain. Recently, we reported that elcatonin, a synthetic analog of eel calcitonin, attenuated the oxaliplatin-and paclitaxel-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in rats. In the present study, we determined whether salmon calcitonin also had anti-allodynic effects on oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in rats. The rats were treated with a single dose of oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). Oxaliplatin resulted in cold and mechanical allodynia. We assessed the anti-allodynic effects of subcutaneously administered salmon calcitonin (20 U/ kg/d) by cold stimulation (8°C) directly to the hind paw of the rats and by using the von Frey test. Salmon calcitonin almost completely reversed the effects of both cold and mechanical allodynia. These results suggest that salmon calcitonin is also useful for treatment of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy clinically.Key words oxaliplatin; salmon calcitonin; peripheral neuropathy Platinum-based drugs 1) is commonly administered to patients with various types of cancers. Oxaliplatin is commonly used for the treatment of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, 2) and is known to induce a specific acute and chronic form of neuropathy. In particular, cold allodynia of the hands, feet, perioral region, and throat appears soon after its administration. Indeed, neurotoxicity as a result of oxaliplatin is often the reason for treatment discontinuation, dose reduction, or hospitalization, rather than tumor progression. 3)Calcitonin is a hormone that occurs naturally in the human body, and inhibits bone resorption through the direct inhibition of osteoclastic activity.4) It is effective against severe pain associated with vertebral fracture, 5,6) postosteoporotic fracture, 5,7) Paget's disease, 7) and lumbago. 8) In addition, calcitonin has been reported to relieve pain that is not related to osteoporosis, such as that of diabetic neuropathy, 9) reflex sympathetic dystrophy, 10,11) migraine, 12) and formalin-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia.13) Recently, we reported that elcatonin, a synthetic analog of eel calcitonin, attenuated oxaliplatin-and paclitaxel-induced cold and mechanical allodynia in rats. 14) Although blockade of the cellular signaling related to transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) and melastatin-8 (TRPM8) is involved in the anti-allodynic action of elcatonin, it has been still unclear whether stimulation of calcitonin receptors is involved in the underlying mechanisms. 14)Salmon calcitonin is similar to human calcitonin hormone in many ways, and more potent than human calcitonin. Therefore, salmon calcitonin is also widely used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. In the present study, to determine whether salmon calcitonin would also show the same effects as elcatonin, and to get a suggestion about the role of calcitonin receptors in the anti-allodynic action of calcitonins, we tested the effect of salmon calcitonin on cold and mechanical allodynia induced by ad...
Hazardous drugs (HD), which need to be handled with care, may be administered through a feeding tube using the simple suspension method. However, instrument contamination during HD administration with the simple suspension method remains unclear. Therefore, to minimize such contamination during the simple suspension method using an injector, we propose the following exposure countermeasures method: (1) Wear two layers of gloves. (2) Prepare injectors for administration and flushing. (3) Use caps. (4) Replace outer gloves after the removal of tablets from the press-through package (PTP) sheet. (5) Handle drugs on a tray. (6) Inject while wrapping the connection site between the injector for administration and the tube with gauze. (7) Wrap the connection site between the injector and tube with gauze. (8) Do not point the injector downward. To establish whether these countermeasures method are effective, 16 ward nurses who routinely administer drugs via a feeding tube were enrolled as subjects. By visual evaluation, we compared differences in instrument contamination between a suspension using a medicine cup and administration via a feeding tube (the conventional method) and the exposure countermeasures method. Exposure with the countermeasures method under our instruction was markedly lower than that with the conventional method. Furthermore, after implementing the exposure countermeasures method, most nurses noted that caution and awareness of exposure countermeasures increased. Thus, to minimize exposure, we recommend the implementation of the exposure countermeasures method and increasing knowledge and awareness of measures against exposure.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.