A systematic study was carried out on the effect of ICP-MS Hence, significant errors could arise, particularly because of the variation of response time and matrix effects. operational parameters, such as dwell time, sweeps per reading, readings per replicate and number of replicates, onOn the other hand, it is possible to use an internal calibration in order to correct the absolute response of signals obtained the precision and accuracy of results obtained in the semiquantitative mode by using Rh as internal standard and at different mass numbers as a function of that found for a selected element.13,14 In this case, response factors are adjusted Ge, In and Bi for internal calibration of the instrument. In order to improve the quantitative analysis of major elements, to allow the calculated internal calibration concentration to be equal to its defined value. The advantages of this method such as Na, Mg, K and Ca, the detector attenuation (OmniRange parameter) must be recalibrated by using a include adjusted response factors for each sample based on the same standard and sample matrices (sample and analytes multi-standard solution of these elements. Under these conditions, accurate results were obtained with a total are present in the same solution). Thus, elimination of matrix discrepancies and compensation for any drift occurring during measurement time of 103 s per sample, covering the whole mass range from 6 to 238 m. The applicability of the the analysis can be achieved. Furthermore, it is possible to use internal standardisation to compensate for the drift between methodology developed was confirmed by the analysis of a drinking water certified reference material.the blank and sample analysis by spiking both the blank and samples with the internal standard. In this way, it is possible Keywords: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry;to achieve determinations with an accuracy error of less than multi-elemental semiquantitative analysis 10%, which might be considered quantitative.15 However, relatively little attention has been paid to this simple strat-egy6-12,16,17 as compared with the large number of studies Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) related to the quantitative determination of a single element emerged as a result of the hyphenation between a widely or a few elements using external calibration. familiar ionisation source, the ICP, and a quadrupole massThe purpose of this work was to evaluate the possibility of filter.1,2 The high sensitivity, spectral simplicity and wide utilizing ICP-MS in the multiple semiquantitative mode, in elemental range make ICP-MS an appropriate tool for order to improve both the repeatability and accuracy of multimulti-elemental analysis.3-6 elemental analysis, and reducing data acquisition time in order The main advantage of ICP-MS is the possibility of to improve the speed and reduce the cost of analysis. Hence, determining several elements, at major, minor and trace levels, a set of operational parameters were tested and application in the same...

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A simple, efficient, inexpensive, and friendly benign route for the preparation of highly stable monodisperse copper nanoparticles with an average of 4–5 nm is developed by using polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) as a stabilizer. Chemical reaction of PVPP and copper(II) sulfate followed by the thermal chemical reduction of embedded copper(II) ions with ascorbic acid afford copper nanoparticles‐polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (CuNPs‐PVPP) nanocatalyst, which is systematically characterized by FT‐IR, Raman, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. The CuNPs‐PVPP system efficiently catalyzes the click chemistry reaction of azides–alkynes as well as one‐pot three‐component reactions to regioselectively produce the 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazole isomer in excellent yields in water under mild reaction conditions. CuNPs‐PVPP is successfully recycled up to five times without significant loss of its catalytic efficiency and selectivity. Moreover, a mechanistic study is performed through density functional theory type calculations in order to explain the observed selectivity of CuNPs catalyst in copper(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions. The cheap, simple work‐up, recoverability/reusability, and negligible residual traces in the final product (0.5 ppm) of this novel nanocatalyst are the significant features of this eco‐friendly green protocol.

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The main objective of this work was to investigate the potential of Natural Safiot Clay (NSC), as an adsorbent for the removal of two cationic dyes such as Basic Blue 9 (BB9) and Basic Yellow 28 (BY28) from single and binary systems in aqueous solutions. For this, the effects of three factors controlling the adsorption process, such as initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, and initial pH on the adsorption extent, were investigated and examined. The natural safiot clay was characterized using the following technique: energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DRX, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and pH of the point of zero charge (pHZPC). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results indicate high percentages of Silica and Alumina. FT-IR spectrum identified kaolinite as the major mineral phase in the presence of quartz, calcite, and dolomite. The quantum theoretical study confirms the experimental results, through the study of the global and local reactivity and the electrophilicity power of the dyes. The electrophilicity power of dyes affects the removal efficiency. The theoretical study proves that BB9 (ω = 6.178) is more electrophilic than BY28 (ω = 2.480) and more interactions with surface sites. The results of the molecular dynamics simulation indicate that the dyes are adsorbed parallel to the surface of natural Safi clay (kaolinite), implying the strong interaction with the kaolinite atoms. All the results of quantum chemistry calculations and simulations of molecular dynamics are in perfect agreement with the results of the experimental study.