In this report, we give a description of a broad range of colloidal drug delivery systems with special focus on vesicles used in research or potentially useful as carrier systems for pharmaceutical drugs or active biomolecules or as therapeutic cell carriers. Colloidal drug delivery systems provide some essential descriptions of the drug delivery systems currently being built for academic or clinical applications. This series of systems are commonly used due to outstanding drug tracking, continuous and regulated release behavior, improved drug molecules clogging performance, avoidance of product hydrolysis or enzymatic degradation, and therapeutic efficacy improvements. Such characteristics aid in the discovery of suitable carrier structures for the transmission of medicines, cells, and genes in various fields.
The skin is known to be the primary intact skin layer for the application of cosmetics and medicines. These nanocarriers, however, can enhance the distribution of molecules through hair follicles or impart a regulated pattern of release by making depots on the skin. Moreover, Many challenges may potentially face the topical delivery of medicaments through either the healthy or diseased skin. This is mainly owing to the strong protection offered by the barriers made of the skin. This paper displays the blocking nature of the skin, the difficult conditions of skin inflammatory diseases, options of effective treatment, and general categories of advanced topical drug delivery for better efficacy and safety. Solid lipid nanoparticles and other lipid-based nanocarriers are mentioned particularly with a further focus along with examples of opportunities for bioavailability enhancement of poorly absorbed active moieties and for more promising implementation in convenient and efficient topical remediation of skin inflammatory disorders.
Notwithstanding the physiological hurdles in the gastrointestinal tract, enteral delivery is the most practical route of drug administration. Lipid-based formulations known as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have received much research as drug-delivery nanovesicles. Due to their superior physical stability, biocompatibility, and enhanced drug-loading capacity, NLCs are preferred over other conventional lipidic nano-formulations, such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nanoemulsions. NLCs are considered a promising strategy for oral bioavailability (BAV) enhancement of drugs; this could be due to the benefits of nanomaterials as well as the properties of the lipidic composition of the vesicles, which prevent enzyme degradation, mask unpleasant taste, and being favorably taken up to the lymphatic system through chylomicrons. This review particularly emphasizes their applications as oral drug delivery systems; this review discusses the most recent developments in using NLCs as nanocarriers and their composition, preparation, and characterization techniques.
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