Introduction: Uterus is subjected to many non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Hysterectomy is the commonest gynecological surgery done for the management of the pathologies of the female reproductive system. Histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimens is done routinely which has both diagnostic and therapeutic significance.Objective: To study the common pathologies identified in hysterectomy specimens and to correlate them with the clinical findings.Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out among all the hysterectomy specimens irrespective of primary lesion sent for histopathological examination from January 2016 to December 2017 in Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital (KMCTH). Relevant history was taken from the requisition form. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of KMCTH.Results: A total of 198 cases were studied. The most common pathology encountered was leiomyoma (60.0%) followed by adenomyosis (14.0%). Atrophic endometrium was seen in 24.3% cases. Chronic cervicitis was found in most of the cases (96.5%) along with endocervical polyp in 8.1% cases. Leiomyoma was found to be the most common indication for hysterectomy comprising 48.0% followed by abnormal uterine bleeding (24.75%) and utero-vaginal prolapse (18.25%). Hysterectomy was most commonly performed in the age group of 41 - 50 years and total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was found to be the commonest procedure done comprising 8 0.0%.Conclusion: Leiomyoma was found to be the most common pathology in myometrium and chronic cervicitis in cervix. Abnormal uterine bleeding and vaginal prolapsed were also found to be common. Lesions which can be managed conservatively do need hysterectomy or not, is a matter of great concern. BJHS 2018;3(2)6:423-426.
Background: Gastrointestinal malignancy constitutes a significant cancer burden in terms of mortality. They are most often detected late due to hidden location and lack of symptoms. This study was undertaken with an aim to see age and site distribution, histopathological spectrum, histologic grade and pathologic stage at presentation and to find correlation between histologic grade and pathologic stage at presentation. Methods: This retrospective chart review was carried on 161 cases of GI malignancies received in Department of Pathology of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital during a time period of 8 years from January 2012 to December 2019. Results: Age of the patients ranged from 16 to 93 years with a mean±SD of 57.3±16.3 years with maximum 36 (22.4%) cases in 51-60 years age group and a male female ratio of 1.4:1. 29 (18.0%) cases were seen at or below 40 years of age. Stomach was the most common site involved in 69 (42.9%) cases. Majority, 136 (84.5%) cases were adenocarcinoma. Majority, 48 (35.3%) cases of adenocarcinoma were Grade 2. Most 31 (45.0%) cases were Stage III at presentation. There was no statistical significant association between histologic grade and pathologic stage (p = 0.073). Conclusion: GI malignancy constitutes a significant cancer burden. Younger individuals are also considerably affected denoting a need of high degree of suspicion. Stomach was the most common site involved. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histological type. There was no association between histologic grade and pathologic stage at presentation (p > 0.05).
Introduction Pigmented skin lesions refer to lesions that are brown, black or blue in color. These are not always melanocytic in origin. Keratinocytic, vascular or reactive pigmentation in other lesions can also appear pigmented. The main aim of the study was to see the histopathological spectrum and objective was to compare clinical and histopathological diagnoses in pigmented skin lesions. Methods This descriptive study was carried out on 43 pigmented skin lesions that were biopsied over a 1 and half year period from Jan 2018 to June 2019 in College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital. Results Age of the patient ranged from 10 to 88 years and mean±SD was 42.02±19.73 years. There were 21 (48.8%) males and 22 (51.2%) females with a male female ratio 0.9:1. Melanocytic nevus was the most common histopathological diagnosis (11 cases, 25.6%). Reactive pigmentation was seen in 20 (46.5%) cases. Malignant cases comprised 6 (14.0%) cases which included 2 (4.7%) cases of melanoma, 2 (4.7%) cases of pigmented basal cell carcinoma and 1 (2.3%) case each of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and trichoblastic carcinoma each. Clinicopathological agreement could be seen in 32 (74.4%) cases. However, malignancy was clinically suspected in only half of histologically diagnosed cases. Conclusions Melanocytic nevi were the most common pigmented lesions diagnosed. Not all pigmented lesions are melanocytic in origin. Malignant tumors can sometimes appear deceptively benign and also tumors other than melanoma can be pigmented. Hence, histopathological examination remains the gold standard in diagnosing these conditions and guiding appropriate management. Keywords: melanocytic; melanoma; nevus; pigmented.
IntroductionMalignant neoplasms of the female genital tract accounts for majority of the cancers in females.The incidence and pattern of malignancies vary from region to region due to differences ingenetic patterns, lifestyle and sociocultural factors. The objective of this research is to study thehistopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of female reproductive system. MethodsA total of 309 samples of neoplastic lesions were included in the study from the period of January2017 to December 2021. ResultsMost of the neoplastic lesions were found in the uterine corpus, followed by ovary, breasts, cervixand vulva. 80.25% of the neoplastic lesions were benign and 11.97% were malignant; the rest beingpremalignant and borderline categories. ConclusionsMalignant neoplasms of female genital tract contributes to major cancer burden among women andtherefore special measures should be adopted to reduce its incidence and improve the prognosis
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