Coping with pressure and anxiety is an ineluctable demand of sports performance. Heart rate variability (HRV) Biofeedback (BFB) shall be used as a tool for self regulating physiological responses resulting in improved psycho physiological interactions. For further analysis, the present study has been designed to examine the relationship between anxiety and performance and also effectiveness of biofeedback protocol to create stress-eliciting situation in basketball players. Thirty basketball players of university level and above (both male and female) aged 18-28 years, who scored a minimum of 20 in state trait anxiety inventory, were randomly divided into three equal groups- Experimental (Biofeedback) group, Placebo group and Control (No Treatment) group. The BFB group received HRV BFB training for 10 consecutive days for 20 min that included breathing at individual's resonant frequency through a pacing stimulus; Placebo group was shown motivational video clips for 10 consecutive days for 10 min, whereas No Treatment Control group was not given any intervention. Two way repeated measure ANOVA was applied to analyze the differences within and between the groups. Anxiety, coping self-efficacy, heart rate variability, respiration rate, and performance (dribbling, passing and shooting) at session 1, 10 and 1 month follow up were statistically significant in each group along with interaction of group and time (p < 0.001). Also, all the measures showed statistically significant inter group difference (p < 0.05). The findings are harmonious with existing data on HRV BFB as a strategy for dealing with anxiety. The Placebo group showed improvement in self efficacy and performance post training. The Control group showed no change in any variable except performance. The results of the study support the idea that HRV BFB lowers the anxiety and thus there seems to be a potential association between HRV BFB and performance optimization.
Purpose: Biofeedback is an emerging tool to acquire and facilitate physiological and psychological domains of the human body like response time and concentration. Thus, the present study aims at determining the reconstitution of psychomotor and performance skills in basketball players through biofeedback training.Methods: Basketball players (N=30) with different levels of expertise (university, state and national) aged 18-28 years (both male and female) were randomly divided into 3 equal groups -Experimental group, Placebo group and Control group. The experimental group received Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback training for 10 consecutive days for 20 minutes that included breathing at individual's resonant frequency through a pacing stimulus; Placebo group was shown motivational video clips for 10 consecutive days for 10 minutes, whereas Control group was not given any intervention. At session 1, 10 and 1month follow up, heart rate variability, respiration rate, response time (reaction and movement time), concentration and shooting performance were assessed.Results: Two way repeated measure ANOVA was used to simultaneously compare within and between group differences. Response time, concentration, heart rate variability, respiration rate and shooting differences were statistically significant in each group along with interaction of group and time (P<0.001). Also, all the measures showed statistically significant inter group difference (P<0.05). Conclusion:The results of the study suggest that biofeedback training may help to train stressed athletes to acquire a control over their psychophysiological processes, thus helping an athlete to perform maximally.
Neurofeedback is an effective tool in sports psychology totrainathletestoenhanceperformancelevels.Archery playersarerequiredtoconcentrateonaccuracyduringarcheryperformances,whichtendstobeattainedbyapeak sensory motor rhythm of the electroencephalography component. The selected subjects of university level archeryplayershaveintervenedwithneurofeedbackforfour weeks.Measurementsweretakentofindtheeffectofneurofeedbacktraining(NFT)onheartratedeceleration,precompetitionpleasurelevel,post-competitionpleasurelevel,pre-competitionarousallevel,post-competitionarousal level, performance level, precision, sensory motor rhthm (SMR)/thetaratioandSMRepochmeanofarchersduring competition. Statistical analysis reveals that pre-competitionpleasurelevel(p<0.05),pre-competitionarousallevel (p< 0.05), post-competition arousal level (p< 0.01) and SMR/thetaratio(p<0.05)showedstatisticallysignificant changes[deletedaftertheeffectivetwelvesessionsofSMR neurofeedbacktraining]intheexperimentalgroupbutnot the control group.After twelve sessions of NFT training the experimental group archers were able to regulate the psychologicalstatusandEEGcomponentsduringarchery performance.Theresultofthepresentstudysuggeststhat neurofeedbacktrainingimprovesthearcheryplayers'regularityinscoringbyenhancingaccuratearrowshootattained by controlling and regulating psycho-physiological and electro-encephalographicmeasures.
diabetes, which is commonly diagnosed in children and adolescents. Reaction time is often overlooked and usually underestimated element in the preparation process for athletes. Athletes with diabetes present unique challenges with regard to their medication, education, and exercise recommendations. A player's ability to respond quickly, properly, and precisely to the information being sent is of utmost importance in determining success in the chosen sport. Cognitive functions have been found to be affected with hyperglycemia by many researchers. In patients with Type 1 diabetes, cognitive dysfunction is characterized by a slowing of mental speed and a diminished mental flexibility. [2] Attention and fine motor skills assessed by the visual reaction time was found to be slowed at altered glucose levels. [3] Purpose The aim of the present study was to find out auditory and visual reaction time in athletes, healthy controls and patients of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), to compare reaction time tasks of control with athletes and diabetic group, and investigate for gender differences in reaction BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Reaction time is one of the important methods used to study a person's central information processing speed and fast coordinated peripheral movement response. The purpose of this study was to compare the reaction time performances in controls, athletes, and patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus and to find out any gender differences. METHODOLOGY: 120 subjects aged 20-30 years were distributed into three groups. Group I-Healthy controls, Group II-Athletes, Group III-Patients of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Equal number of males and females were taken. The reaction time was recorded for auditory and visual stimuli in seconds, by reaction time device. RESULTS: Assessed by using unpaired 't' test. The athletes performed better than the controls and in the patients of Type 1 diabetes mellitus; there was a significant prolongation of the visual as well as auditory reaction times. However, gender differences were not observed. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the reaction time is a good indicator of performance in sports, which suggests that diabetics participating in quick action sports should be careful about the injuries that may occur as a result of increased reaction time.
Summary Pulses are inexpensive and eco‐friendly source of biologically active proteins/peptides exhibiting antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial activity of pulse proteins/peptides is ascribed to their ability to interact with components of bacterial/fungal cells or viral‐envelope, while antioxidative effects are the result of absorption/scavenging of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, which depend on amino acid composition/sequence, hydrophobicity and molecular mass and vary with multiple factors, including, protein source, hydrolysing enzyme and conditions employed for hydrolysis. Pulse proteins also are useful for quality improvement of gluten‐free (GF) foods to fulfil the increasing demand not only of safe and nutritious but also of acceptable products for people with gluten‐related disorders. They contribute technological and sensory quality to GF baked products through providing lysine and improving hydration, viscoelasticity and gas retention, though the production of GF products with quality comparative to wheat‐based baked products is challenging. The inclusion of pulse proteins in pastas and noodles reduces their glycaemic index and improves textural and cooking properties. Also, pulse proteins were found to be comparable with animal proteins in enhancing exercise capacity and athletic performance; hence, these may be considered suitable in developing health‐promoting plant‐based athletic foods.
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