The objective of this study was to evaluate onion production systems in four municipalities along the Niger River. A cross-sectional survey was carried out among seventy-five onion producers distributed over ten perimeters. The results obtained reveal that onion is mainly grown by women (95%). 70% of the farmers own the farmed land, 20% rent and 10% borrow. The cultivation takes place between September and March. The cultivated varieties are ‘Galmi violet’ and ‘Gothèye white’, Onions are essentially transformed into Gabou, a traditional condiment. The areas exploited are generally less than half a hectare. Irrigation relies mainly on the gravity system. NPK fertilizer and urea in combination with manure are the most commonly used. For phytosanitary treatments, producers use pesticides and/or natural products based on aqueous extract. At harvest time, the price per 100 kg bag varies from 8 000 to 15 000 FCFA (12 to 23 €) and from 40 000 to 50 000 FCFA (61 to 76 €) after four months of storage. The average production cost per hectare is 1 208 564 FCFA (1844 €) and that of the net margins 551 857 FCFA (840 €). There is a low correlation between strong investments and net margins. The major constraints faced by producers are the high cost of agricultural inputs, the rapid drying up of water points, limited access to credit, the straying of animals, the collapse of prices during the harvest period and the difficulties of farming storage and conservation.
Processing & Technology J o u rnal of F o o d P ro cessi n g & T ec hnolo g y
Au Niger, lors des crises alimentaires, les graines de Boscia senegalensis, appelé anza en langue local, constituent un des principaux aliments de cueillette de subsistance pour les ménages ruraux. L'objectif de la présente étude était de déterminer la composition en acides aminés des graines de Boscia issues de différentes méthodes de désamérisation. La teneur en protéines totaux et en 16 acides aminés, dont les 8 acides aminés essentiels, des graines non cuites et cuites ont été déterminées. Le résultat obtenu montre que la teneur en protéines varie de 16,11 à 22,82%. Les acides aminés majeurs sont l'acide glutamique (2,32-3,33 %), acide aspartique (1,71-2,36 %) et la phénylalanine (1,34-2,19 %) tandis que la méthionine, l'histidine, la thréonine et la tyrosine sont les acides aminés limitant dans toutes les graines. Des faibles teneurs sont aussi trouvées pour la lysine (0-1,31 %). L'acide aminé essentiel majeur est la phénylalanine. Les essentiels mineurs sont la 92 méthionine et la thréonine. De façon générale, les méthodes de traitements traditionnelles influencent positivement la teneur en protéines et en certains acides aminés essentiels des graines de Boscia senegalensis. AbstractIn Niger, during food crises, Boscia senegalensis seeds, called Anza in the local language, are one of the main subsistence food crops for rural households. The objective of this study was to determine the amino acid composition of Boscia seeds from different deamerization methods. The protein and 16 amino acid content, including all 8 essential amino acids, of uncooked and cooked seeds were determined according to standard methods. The result obtained shows that the protein content varies from 16.11 to 22.82%. The major amino acids are glutamic acid (2.32-3.33%), aspartic acid European Scientific Journal February 2019 edition Vol.15, No.6 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 93(1.71-2.36%) and phenylalanine (1.34-2.19%) while methionine, histidine, threonine and tyrosine are the limiting amino acids in all seeds. Low levels are also found for lysine (0-1.31%). The major essential amino acid is phenylalanine and the minor essential amino acids are methionine and threonine (1.34-2.19%). In general, traditional processing methods positively influence the content of proteins and certain essential amino acids in Boscia senegalensis seeds.
Food insecurity is an almost permanent reality in Niger due to climatic hazards. This study is a contribution to the capitalization and enhancement of Community know-how in the exploitation of natural resources and addresses the role of spontaneous foods of plant origin in the search for diversity and dietary balance, specifically the potentialities of Boscia senegalensis. It is a species whose different parts are used for many purposes in Niger. The different recipes based on immature seeds processed in two departments of Niger, Banibangou and Bambèye are listed. To this end, a questionnaire was sent to 128 women in Bambèye and 114 in Banibangou. The recipes identified are those implemented by women from these different communities. A total
Gabou is a traditional onion-based spice commonly used in Niger. It is prepared in a handcrafted way by roasting of dried onion. This study was conducted to determine the optimal roasting conditions. The traditional processes of Gabou manufacturing were identified through a survey and studied. Gabou were produced at different roasting temperatures and times in presence of the oil quantities in the laboratory. Then sensory analyses were conducted to select the Gabou of best sensory characteristics. The chemical composition of the selected Gabou and their raw materials was determined. The result of the investigation showed that flower stems, green leaves and onion bulbs were used in the production of Gabou. The optimal roasting conditions were obtained at 120°C for 8 min for bulbs Gabou, 120°C for 5 min for green leaves Gabou and 130°C for 11 min for flower stems Gabou in the presence of 1 ml, 2 ml and 0 ml palm oil per 30 g, respectively. Roasting conditions that led to the production of Gabou of good sensory characteristics did not have a significant negative influence (p<0.05) on proximate and mineral composition. On the contrary, they have significantly reduced the moisture content which contributes to the reduction of Gabou shelf life.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.