Modern hot metalforming operations require a predictive-adaptive control program in which the predictive component precalculates the necessary parameters—such as temperatures and loads—and the adaptive component sets up, monitors and adjusts the forming equipment. One of the needs of a predictive model of the process is for an understanding of the boundary conditions at the surface of contact. For high temperature operations, one of these conditions is described by the heat transfer coefficient, relating the heat flux and the difference of the temperatures of the contacting surfaces, at the die-workpiece interface. The surface temperatures are, of course, dependent on the distribution of the temperatures within the body of the dies. The determination of these distributions is the topic of the present project. Thermocouples embedded in a cold/hot die set as well as thermocouples placed on the surface of contact are used to monitor the temperature fields, within the body as well as on the surfaces, for various interface pressures, initial temperatures and materials. The results indicate that direct measurements of the temperatures of the contacting surfaces is very difficult and may lead to significant errors. It is recommended that a mathematical model, which uses the measured internal temperatures as initial conditions, should be employed to calculate the contact surface temperatures.
is a multi-disciplinary settler scholar. She is an assistant professor in socio-cultural studies of sport and physical in the Faculty of Kinesiology at the University of Calgary. Her present research focuses on residential school histories, particularly those pertaining to student experiences with sports and recreation, and she has been working with survivors and their families for the past three years. Her other research interests include the connections between cultural identity, historical memory, physical culture, and well-being in Indigenous and Black communities.Kristin Hall is a PhD candidate in history at the University of Waterloo and a sessional instructor at Laurentian University. Her research interests include late nineteenth-and twentieth-century Canadian gender, business, and cultural history as they relate to media and education. Her dissertation examines the Maclean Publishing Company's trade journals published between 1887 and 1914 and analyzes the promotion of business-to-business advertising through the lenses of gender performativity and informal education.
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