The elected representatives have important roles that involved parliamentary and constituency roles, social services, and to political party. They need to split their time between working in legislative, in constituency and for the party. In Malaysia, elected representatives have important roles in party to affiliate party apparatus, carry out election campaigns, and try to convince voting citizen by casting their ballot for them. The research finding indicated that the parties are due in part to competition for party positions, thus will create money politics and leadership conflicts. Finally, few elected representative hopping to oppose party.
Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan pemahaman tentang integriti melibatkan pegawai dan anggota dalam pasukan Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM). Banyak kejadian yang melibatkan pegawai dan anggota PDRM telah menjejaskan persepsi orang ramai mengenai pasukan keselamatan ini. Objektif kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengetahui pemahaman pegawai dan anggota PDRM tentang usaha memperkukuh integriti; mengkaji semula langkah PDRM untuk memperkasa sumber manusia dan arah kerja berpasukan untuk pembentukan etika dan integriti yang lebih tinggi; menilai kesedaran pegawai dan anggota PDRM mengenai langkah-langkah ke arah memperkukuh integriti dalam organisasi PDRM. Soal selidik yang diolah menggunakan Google Form yang diedarkan melalui WhatsApp untuk mendapatkan input daripada responden. Sampel dipilih menggunakan persampelan rawak berstrata melibatkan pegawai dan anggota PDRM dari Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah Ipoh dan Ibu Pejabat Kontinjen Perak. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap kesedaran dan pemahaman responden terhadap faktor integriti adalah kuat. Analisis menunjukkan bahawa pegawai dan anggota PDRM menyedari peri pentingnya memupuk integriti dalam penyampaian perkhidmatan polis kepada orang ramai, terutama setelah tiga panduan utama iaitu Kod Etika PDRM, Pelan Integriti PDRM 2016-2020, dan Manual Pematuhan Standard diperkenalkan. Hasilnya, pasukan PDRM harus terus komited untuk meningkatkan integriti untuk mencapai prestasi cemerlang organisasi sebagai agensi keselamatan utama di Malaysia.
People have various demands to the government. In the plural society in Malaysia, the demands are different for different groups striving to obtain access to finance, better healthcare, housing, subsidies, security and other human necessities. These and other demands are channeled to the government through elected representatives. However, not all demands will be fulfilled, they need to be evaluated and prioritized by the government before changes in public policies are made. Interviews were conducted with the elected representatives to scrutinize the problems faced by people in their constituencies. Also, questionnaires have been distributed to examine problems and issues at the grass root. The research findings indicate that people's demands are divided into eight priorities such as education, housing, agriculture, animal husbandry, safety, facilities, religious issues and household issues. Basing on the political system theory, the demands are processed as input by the government and output is produced in the form of aids, projects, programs and plans arranged by the federal and various other agencies. Once policies are implemented, people give their feedback as the outcome from the policies' implementation.
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