Direct injury to airway is a rare event and also a challenge to anaesthesiologist and surgeon. We present a case report of open tracheal injury with right pneumothorax in a young male following assault with a sharp weapon. In spite of a chest tube in situ, the patient came with collapse of one lung and tachypnoea which required surgical exploration. Lower airway was evaluated by fibre-optic bronchoscopy through the open tracheal wound while he was awake and tracheal tube was passed over the bronchoscope. There was no vascular or oesophageal injury detected. Although there was a pleural tear, there were no signs of injury to lung parenchyma. After evaluation, end to end anastomosis of the trachea was planned, for which orotracheal tube was passed with surgical assistance. Patient was shifted to post-operative high dependency unit and was electively ventilated for 7 days and was later successfully extubated under fibre-optic bronchoscope guidance.
Background:The onset time of neuromuscular blockade is a crucial time associated with the risk of hypoxia and pulmonary aspiration. Various strategies have been undertaken to shorten this onset time. Therefore, we investigated the effects of bolus of 20 ml saline followed by limb elevation after administration of rocuronium in a dose of 0.6 mg/kg to study the onset time.Methodology:Thirty patients were randomly allocated to the bolus saline group or control group. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with fentanyl and propofol. Rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg intravenous (IV) was administered followed by 20 ml saline bolus and limb elevation in the study group compared to administration of 0.6 mg/kg in a running drip only in the control. Onset of neuromuscular block was assessed by acceleromyography at the adductor pollicis muscle with train-of-four stimulation.Results:The lag time was shorter in bolus group (34 s median) than in control group (45 s median), P < 0.017. The onset time was shorter in bolus group (55 s median) than in control group (110 s median), P < 0.001. The T1 recovery to 25% was longer in bolus group (42 min median) than in control group (39 min median) which was statistically not significant.Conclusion:Rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg IV followed by bolus 20 ml saline and concomitant limb elevation resulted in shorter lag time, faster onset of neuromuscular blockade, good intubating conditions without prolonging clinical duration of action when compared to the control.
Here it is reported a 4-year-old boy with Langer-Giedion syndrome (Trichorhino phalangeal syndrome-II), who had characteristic features of TRP II, associated with multiple renal cysts hitherto unreported. This could be a new association in this syndrome that may serve to support the concept of contiguous gene syndrome in patients with TRP II.
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