This research was done to find out the effect of in ovo injection of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) at various incubation ages on the physiological and immunity performance of Mamora chickens. A total of 630 hatching eggs were divided into 7 equal treatments (90 eggs per each). The first group was as a negative control, the second group was as a positive control (injected in air sac with 0.3 ml/egg of distilled water at day 1 of incubation), the third and fourth groups were injected with 0.3 ml/egg of distilled water contained 0.1 and 0.2 ml coenzyme Q10 / egg respectively at day1 of incubation, the fifth group was as a second positive control (injected in air sac with 0.3 ml/egg of distilled water at day18), the six and seven groups were injected with 0.3 mL/egg solution of sterile distilled water contained 0.1 and 0.2 mL coenzyme Q10 / egg, respectively at day18 of incubation, Hatched chicks of each treatment were reared till 28 days of age.Results obtained could be summarized as follow: improving the hatchability percentage and decreasing embryonic mortality by in ovo CoQ10 at the 1st and the 18th day of incubation period as compared with negative control group. In ovo injection with CoQ10 led to improve the subsequent growth traits after hatch within the period of 1-28 day of age. Lymphocytes (L, %) was elevated, while heterophils (H, %) was decreased for chicks hatched from eggs injected with 0.2 ml CoQ10 / egg at the 1st day of incubation. All chicks produced from injected eggs with CoQ10 had higher serum catalase enzyme value and lower liver enzymes (AST & ALT) compared with those of negative or positive control. Therefore, in ovo CoQ10 (0.1 or 0.2 ml/egg) injection improve hatchability, post-hatch chick development, and physiological response of hatched Mamora.
A total number of 270 local Sinai chicks 1-day-old were weighed and divided into six dietary treatments to determine the nutritional requirements of crude protein (CP) and metabolizable energy (ME) on growth performance during the starter period (1-6 weeks of age) and subsequent effect during grower and laying period from 7 to 32 weeks of age. The dietary levels of CP and ME included 3x2 factorial design (17, 18 and 19 CP, each contained 2850 and 2900 ME). Results of the current study illustrated that the chicks fed starter diet containing 18 and 19% CP recorded significantly (P≤0.05) higher final BW and BWG than those fed diet contained the low level of CP (17%). The most remarkable result is that the heaviest records of BW and daily WG for chicks fed starter diet contained 19% CP and 2850 Kcal/kg diet. It is clearly observed that increment CP level to 18% resulted in a significant (P≤0.05) improved in feed conversion ratio compared to the low level of CP (17%). Feeding on starter diet contained 18% CP + 2900 Kcal/kg diet recorded the best value of viability where it reached to 95.56%. Both HDL and LDL significantly (P≤0.05) increased due to increasing ME from 2850 to 2900 Kcal/kg diet. Sinai birds fed diet contained 17% CP+2850 Kcal/kg diet and19 % CP+2850 Kcal/kg diet reached to SM earlier (143 and 144 d) respectively compared to the other dietary groups. It is evident that egg number and egg mass significantly (P≤0.05) increased when starter diet containing 19% CP compared to the other different levels of CP (17 and 18% CP). While, decreasing dietary ME level to 2850 Kcal/kg in starter diet showed a significant (P≤0.05) improve in egg number and egg mass. Hatchability of set and fertile eggs % of hens fed starter diet contained 2850 Kcal/kg diet was 86.5 and 89.7%, respectively which was significantly (P≤0.05) higher than those fed starter diet with 2900 Kcal/kg diet. No significant effect of dietary two levels of ME in the starter diet on chick weight at hatch could be detected. The current study has illustrated that the starter diet contained CP 19 % + ME 2850Kcal / kg diet achieved optimal utilization to protein and energy for Sinai chicks aged between 1 and 6 weeks of age and subsequent effect during the laying period from 21 to 32 weeks of age.
The purpose of this study was to see how supplementing with L-carnitine affected the productive and reproductive performance of Mamoura chickens from 36 to 48 weeks of age during the winter season. A total number of 132 Mamoura laying hens (120 hens + 12 cocks), 36 weeks (wk.)-old, was used in a completely randomized design and randomly assigned into four dietary treatments as follow: L-carnitine at 0, 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg, each group was included on three replications (10 hens +1 cock in each replicate) and was kept until 48 weeks of age. Results revealed that supplementing different levels of L-carnitine resulted insignificant improvement in feed intake, laying %, fertility, hatchability % of fertile egg and hatchability % of setting egg. Also, the results showed that egg weight, egg mass, Chick weight at hatch liver weight % and heart weight % were significantly increased by feeding diets supplemented with L-carnitine. In hens fed diets supplemented with L-carnitine, feed conversion, mortality percent, serum albumin, cholesterol, serum triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, and aspartate transaminase enzyme levels were all significantly lower. It could be concluded that dietary L-carnitine fortified with300 or 450 mg/kg for Mamoura laying hens in winter led to improvement in productive and reproductive traits.
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