Seventeen isolates of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were obtained from various prefectures of Japan during 2008–2019 and genetically analyzed. The IBV
isolates were classified into six genetic groups, based on phylogenetic analysis of the S1 gene. The S1 genotypes were distinguishable by a newly developed
restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method using three endonucleases,
Hae
II,
Hpa
I, and
Fok
I.
Moreover, the isolates were classified into four genetic groups, based on phylogenetic analysis of the S2 gene. However, novel genetic groups based on a
combination of S1 and S2 genotypes, which were undetected previously, were confirmed in this study, indicating that various recombinant IBV strains were
prevalent in poultry in Japan.
The purpose of this study was to verify in which part of the sole of the foot sensory perception takes place in learning partial weight bearing (PWB) and discernment of weight (DOW). The subjects were healthy adults, 11 mmales, 10 females. Using the F-scan, we measured the center of foot pressure and the peak of foot contact pressure in learning PWB and DOW. Two conditions (1/2 and 1/3 of weight) were measured in PWB, and four conditions (weight on the front or back of the foot in the seated and standing positions) were measured in DOW. We could not find a difference in the extent of sensory perception, but there was a wide dispersion sensory perception in the standing DOW task. We consider that improvement in PWB skill is achived by applying foot pressure through the big toe and metatarsal which support the flexibility of the leg joints.
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