Chironomid larvae have a high reproduction capacity. Because of their excellent nutritional quality, they have great potential in larval fish nutrition, specially bottom feeders like sturgeons. In this study, indoor production of Chironomus riparius was performed by controlling the physicochemical factors and developing an appropriate condition for this insect to complete the life cycle. Enrichment of lava was conducted by adding 0 (C0), 100 (C100), or 1000 (C1000) mg of ascorbic acid to 1 kg of chicken manure (as substrate). Ascorbic acid analysis of chironomid larva showed significant differences among the groups: 74.2 μg/g for C0, 325.0 μg/g for C100, and 779.9 for C1000. In the second experiment, enriched chironomids were fed to larval Persian Sturgeon Acipenser persicus and were compared with sturgeons fed live cladocerans, Daphnia, which are regulary used in hatcheries. Length and weight measurements after 14 d of the experimental period showed no significant differences in growth performance. Analysis of ascorbic acid in Persian Sturgeon viscera also showed no significant differences between the groups. In conclusion, chironomids could be cultured indoors and can be enriched to meet the nutritional requirements of fish. We found ascorbic acid did not have a signifucant effect on Persian Sturgeon larval feeding, but longer feeding periods and implication of unfavorable physicochemical conditions or causing stress tests might demonstrate the beneficial effects of this vitamin.
This study was aimed to assess the possibility of partial replacement of wheat flour and corn meal with Olive pomace (OP) in the rainbow trout diet through evaluating the growth, immunological, and hematological indices as well as the flesh quality. To this end, a total of 3600 rainbow trout (weighting 184±0.7 g) were fed with differecnt levels of OP (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 wt %) for 63 days, besides a control group without OP treatment. The findings exhibited no significant change in the growth indices of the experimental fish groups when compared to the control group. Among the exprimetnal groups, in general, the fish received 10% OP demonstrated the highest alterations. whereas the activity of superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, monocyte and neutrophil considerably increased when compare to the control treatment.
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